BACKGROUND To investigate the role of mononuclear cells and their products on rat mesangial cell proliferation, we evaluated the effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) culture supernatant of patients with IgA nephropathy on rat mesangial cells 3[H]-thymidine uptake, and measured the concentration of cytokines in the supernatant to find out which cytokine in PBMC culture supernatant...

INTRODUCTION Th17 cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to systematically analyse the phenotype, cytokine profile and frequency of interleukin-17 (IL-17) producing CD4-positive T cells in mononuclear cells isolated from peripheral blood, synovial fluid and synovial tissue of RA patients with established disease, and to correlate c...

Infant formulas lack the complex mixture of oligosaccharides found in human milk. These human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) may be pivotal to the development of the neonatal immune system. Few comprehensive analyses of the effects of HMO on immune cells from neonates have been undertaken. Herein, the direct effects of HMO on immune cells were analysed ex vivo. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (...

BACKGROUND In our previous study we found that rhsIL-6R, along with recombinant human interleukin-6, plays a regulatory role in the immune response by modulating the tumour necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha) expression and its production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We also suggested that sIL-6R with IL-6 secreted by human PMN (neutrophils) influenced the TNF-alpha expression and...

Although it is recognized that neurogenic influences contribute to progression of chronic inflammatory diseases, the molecular basis of neuroimmune interactions in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis (CP) is not well defined. Here we report that responsiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is alte...

Evaluation of cytokine gene expression following in vitro stimulation is one means of examining the dysregulation of the immune system in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We have assessed differences in the immune status of non-HIV-infected (HIV-) and HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals by evaluating the kinetics of the expression of cytokine genes. We compared detailed time courses of...

Key Points • AngiomiR-126 is secreted from circulating CD34 cells and acts as a signaling mechanism of pro-angiogenic effects on endothelial cells, which is impaired in diabetes. Several peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)–derived cell populations can promote angiogenesis, and differences in CD34 or CD14 surface expression have been used to separate PBMC subpopulations in this respect. Ang...

Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a heterodimeric 70-kD cytokine that can enhance the activity of cytotoxic effector cells. Although IL-12 shares some functional properties with interleukin-2 (IL-2), it appears to act via a distinct mechanism. In this report, we examined the effects of IL-12 on the cytolytic activity and proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from patients ...

Leishmania braziliensis causes cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis in humans. Most patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis heal spontaneously and may therefore have developed protective immunity. There appears to be a mixed cytokine profile associated with active cutaneous or mucosal disease, and a dominant T helper (Th)1-type response associated with healing. Leishmanial antigens that elicit the...