Slovenia is a very diverse country from a natural geography point of view, with many different habitats within a relatively small area, in addition to major geological and climatic differences. It is therefore not surprising that several small mammal species have been confirmed to harbour hantaviruses: A. flavicollis (Dobrava virus), A. agrarius (Dobrava virus-Kurkino), M. glareolus (Puumala vi...

Rapid spreading of the low pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV) caused by the H9N2 subtype and the highly pathogenic AIV caused by H5N1 have caused serious economic losses in the poultry industries of Asia. Therefore, the early detection of AIVs is crucial for the control of the disease. In the present study, the applicability of a rapid immunochromatographic (RIC) assay, which specifically d...

rapid spreading of the low pathogenic avian influenza virus (aiv) caused by the h9n2 subtype and the highly pathogenic aiv caused by h5n1 have caused serious economic losses in the poultry industries of asia. therefore, the early detection of aivs is crucial for the control of the disease. in the present study, the applicability of a rapid immunochromatographic (ric) assay, which specifically d...

In 2014, two genetically distinct H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses were isolated from poultry and wild birds in Korea. The intravenous pathogenicity indices for the two representative viruses were both 3.0. Mortality of chickens intranasally inoculated with the two H5N8 viruses was 100% with a mean death times of 2.5 and 4.5 days. Mortality rates of the contact groups for t...

The rapid evolution and spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza HPAI A(H5N1) viruses is a global threat not only to poultry farming wildlife conservation but also public health communities as result animal-human (zoonosis) cases its genetic reassortant (H5N8) recently detected in seven workers Russia.

Wild animals are considered reservoirs for emerging and reemerging viruses, such as the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Previous studies have reported that bats ticks harbored variable important pathogenic some of which could cause potential diseases in humans livestock, while viruses carried by reptiles were rarely reported. Our study first conducted snakes’...

Removal of pathogenic microorganisms as viruses during drinking water production was evaluated by ultrafiltration. Two enteric (ADV 41 and CV-B5) were compared to the MS2 bacteriophage, largely used in literature membrane producers virus surrogate. The effect feed concentration on ultrafiltration efficiency has been assessed. For three viruses, low retentions about 1 log observed at lowest conc...

UV254 disinfection strategies are commonly applied to inactivate pathogenic viruses in water, food, air, and on surfaces. There is a need for methods that rapidly predict the kinetics of virus inactivation by UV254, particularly emerging difficult-to-culture viruses. We conducted systematic literature review rate constants wide range Using these data characteristics, we developed evaluated line...