We present results from the flight of two prototype CZT detectors on a scientific balloon payload in September 2000. The first detector, referred to as “CZT1,” consisted of a 10 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm CZT crystal with a single gold planar electrode readout. This detector was shielded by a combination of a passive collimator in the front, giving a 40 degree field of view and surrounded by plastic sci...

In this paper, radar detection based on Monte Carlo sampling is studied. Two detectors based on Importance Sampling are presented. In these detectors, called Particle Detector, the approximated likelihood ratio is calculated by Monte Carlo sampling. In the first detector, the unknown parameters are first estimated and are substituted in the likelihood ratio (like &#10the GLRT method). In the s...

background: inhalation of radon and its short-lived decay products is one of the ‎most significant sources of exposure to natural radiation. radon is the second cause ‎of lung cancer in the populations. the present study was carried out under the projects of ‎national radon, with the aim of determining the concentration of indoor in the city of qom ‎located in the central semi-arid region of ir...

Ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) enables a passive backscatter device to transmit information to a reader using ambient RF signals, and has emerged as a promising solution to green Internet-of-Things (IoT). Conventional AmBC receivers are interested in recovering the information from the ambient backscatter device (ABD) only. In this paper, we propose a cooperative AmBC (CABC) system in...

UCGretina, a GEANT4 simulation of the GRETINA gamma-ray tracking array highly-segmented high-purity germanium detectors is described. We have developed model array, in particular Quad Module and capsules, that gives good agreement between simulated measured photopeak efficiencies over broad range energies reproduces shape Compton continuum. Both these features are needed order to accurately ext...

Infrared detectors can be used for a variety of applications such as: using in fiber-optic communications. Conventional technology for IR detectors is using p-i-n structure based on GaAs compound. This paper reports on the design and modeling of an IR detector using a p-i-n GaAs structure. Comsol software is used to simulate the model and the detector is discussed for terminal current, dopant p...

Problem statement: Uranium is a radiotoxic element found in trace quantities in alomost all natural accurring materials like soil, rock. Radon an inert radioactive gas whose predecessor in uranium, is emitted from soil beneath the house and from building materials. Accurate knowledge of exhalation rate plays an important role in characterization of the radon source strength in some building mat...

The latest advances in the development of a fluorescent nuclear track detector (FNTD) for neutron and heavy charged particle dosimetry are described and compared with CR-39 plastic nuclear etched track detectors (PNTDs). The technique combines a new luminescent aluminium oxide single crystal detector (Al(2)O(3):C,Mg) with an imaging technique based on laser scanning and confocal fluorescence de...

This paper proposes a layered container inspection system for detecting illicit nuclear materials using radiography information. We argue that the current inspection system, relying heavily on the Automated Targeting System (ATS) and passive radiation detectors, is inherently incapable of reliably detecting shielded radioactive materials, especially highly enriched uranium (HEU). This motivates...

Thermal infrared detection systems play an important role in many areas such as night security, autonomous driving, and body temperature detection. They have the unique advantages of passive imaging, sensitivity penetration. But security these themselves has not been fully explored, which poses risks applying systems. We propose a physical attack method with small bulbs on board against state o...