diabetes mellitus is accompanied with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human society and experimental animals. therefore, this research study was conducted to evaluate time-dependent changes in passive avoidance and y-maze performance in male diabetic rats. for this purpose, male wistar rats were randomly divided into control and diabetic groups. for induction of di...

objective(s)previous studies have shown that vitamin b as well as folate supplementation has been implicated in cognitive and neurodegenerative disorders including alzheimer’s and parkinson's diseases. the aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of folic acid on passive avoidance task and motor coordination in healthy adult male rats.materials and methodsanimals were randomly divi...

conclusions ferulago angulata extract, because of its antioxidant activities, is probably capable of removing free radicals and oxidant substances from brain and thus it can improve behavioral disorders in brain hypoperfusion ischemia model. results it was found that the administration of 400 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of f. angulate for two weeks after brain hypoperfusion ischemia increased ...

Although perinatal exposure of female rats to estrogenic compounds produces irreversible changes in brain function, it is still unclear how the amount and timing of exposure to those substances affect learning function, or if exposure alters estrogen receptor α (ERα) expression in the hippocampus and cortex. In adult female rats, we investigated the effects of neonatal exposure to a model estro...

We examined anti-amnesic activity of the methanolic extract of Cornus officinalis fruits (COT) and a major constituent, loganin using scopolamine-induced (1 mg/kg body weight, s.c.) amnesic mice with both passive avoidance and the Morris water maze tests. Oral treatment of mice with COT (100 mg/kg body weight) and loganin (1 and 2 mg/kg body weight) significantly mitigated scopolamine-induced m...

BACKGROUND Ketamine is intravenous anaesthetic with NMDA-glutamate receptors mechanism of action. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were treated with saline (group A) or 10, 15 or 20 mg/kg of ketamine (groups B, C and D, respectively). For active avoidance test an automatic reflex conditioner was used. The observed variables were number of avoidances, escapes and intertrial crossings. Ste...

The role of the pineal gland and its hormone-melatonin-as to the impact of vasopressin (VP) and/or oxytocin (OT) on the regulation of behavior was studied, the passive avoidance task being chosen as an experimental model. The results showed that VP facilitated the avoidance latency during the first retention trial; after pinealectomy, however, VP was ineffective in this regard. Intraperitoneal ...

This study was aimed at investigating the possible effects of phytoceramide (Pcer) on learning and memory and their underlying mechanisms. Phytoceramide was orally administered to ICR mice for 7 days. Memory performances were assessed using the passive avoidance test and Y-maze task. The expressions of phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein (pCREB), brain-derived neurotrophic fact...