The Orange “Data for Development” (D4D) challenge is an open data challenge on anonymous call patterns of Orange’s mobile phone users in Ivory Coast. The goal of the challenge is to help address society development questions in novel ways by contributing to the socio-economic development and well-being of the Ivory Coast population. Participants to the challenge are given access to four mobile ...

The over-exploitation of African elephants for their ivory has led to a dangerous decline in their overall population. As a result, they were granted protection under the CITES international trade agreement and given an Appendix I listing, which completely bans their international trade. I investigate the following question: under what circumstances is the limited trade allowed under the CITES ...

In this paper, the pole figures plotted from X-ray diffraction data are employed to analyze orientation of hydroxyapatite in ivory and mammoth for first time. The results present evidence lamellar structure appeared as tabular. A preferred was revealed terms calculated factor characteristics found figures. c-axes mainly oriented along growth direction. Both a-axes on left angle bisector Retzius...

The Chrysis leachii species group is recorded from sub-Saharan Africa for the first time with two species: rasnitsyni sp. n. (from Central African Republic, Ivory Coast, and Senegal) nilensis Linsenmaier, 1959 (Ivory Sudan). lectotype of leachi var. cyanea du Buysson, 1908 designated. Illustrations are presented.

Ivory shell toxin (IST) was first isolated by Hashimoto et al. (1967) from the Japanese ivory shell (Babylonia japonica) which causes sporadically food-poisoning in Japan. Hirayama et al. (1970) found that the toxin is extremely potent in blocking autonomic ganglia. Since the parasympathetic ganglia of the dog urinary bladder have been shown to possess both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors (T...

The Parthians are one of the peoples and forces that lived in Iran were able to form a state ancient East between years (247 BC - 224 AD). Studies differed about their ethnic origin. However, some research indicated they Indo-European peoples. Though Parthian-Roman relations normal at beginning, Romans began stretching East. interior exterior tensions Parthian Empire, especially with Romans, le...