A tanglegram is a pair of trees whose leaf sets are in oneto-one correspondence; matching leaves are connected by inter-tree edges. In applications such as phylogenetics or hierarchical clustering, it is required that the individual trees are drawn crossing-free. A natural optimization problem, denoted tanglegram layout problem, is thus to minimize the number of crossings between inter-tree edg...

The accumulation of heavy metals in naturally occurring plants of herbs, shrubs and trees grown on South Bolanda coal mine overburdens in subtropical region of India were illustrated.. The inter-elemental relationships of different parts of five plant species including herbs, shrubs and trees with the coal mine wastes were studied. From the tree species maximum positive correlation was observed...

walnut is a plant belongs to juglandaceae family. among 21 species, of thejuglans genus, the persian walnut (juglans regia l.) is recognized as the bestspecies. the main aim of the current research work was identification of geneticdiversity among persian walnut species in golestan province, iran. morphologicaltraits used as an approach to evaluate 96 trees which belonged to five nativepopulati...

the purpose of this work was to study the population dynamics of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in orchards of ‘Valencia’ orange, ‘Ponkan’ mandarin, and ‘murcott’ tangor trees located at the são José farm in the municipality of taquaritinga, são Paulo (sP). yellow sticky traps used to monitor this disease vector were evaluated monthly for 4 yr between sep 2004 and aug 2008. th...

Almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb] is one of the most important cultivated fruit trees in Iran. Late frost in spring is a key limiting factor for almond productivity given that almond trees flower early in the spring in comparison with other temperate fruit trees. To decrease frost injury in “Mamaei” cultivar, this study was carried out in factorial randomized complete block design (CRBD)...

It is generally expected that inter-annual changes in radial growth among trees would be similar to the increase in altitude due to the limitation of increasingly harsher climatic factors. Here, we examine whether this pattern exists in alpine forests on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Increment cores were collected from mature trees at the lower, middle and upper limits of balfour spruce (Pi...

So far, various components of image characteristics have been used for steganalysis, including the histogram characteristic function, adjacent colors distribution, and sample pair analysis. However, some certain steganography methods have been proposed that can thwart some analysis approaches through managing the embedding patterns. In this regard, the present paper is intended to introduce a n...