Hypersensitivity is a phenomenon that has a dual role: adaptive (protective) and maladaptive (pathological) based on different aspects of the pain mechanism. The mechanism of hypersensitivity has not been fully defined. However, it is known that over-excitability (too much sensitivity) of neurons can arise in both peripheral and central components of the nervous system. Pain theories can be use...

OBJECTIVE To apply resilience theory and the extant literature to propose a resilience-risk model for pediatric chronic pain and provide an agenda for research and clinical practice in pediatric chronic pain resilience.  METHOD Literature review to develop a resilience-risk model for pediatric chronic pain. RESULTS The chronic pain literature has identified unique individual and social/envi...

We begin with a view defended elsewhere that pain is a representation of tissue damage that is dependent on what one is doing. We extend this view by exploring a relation between pain and action inspired by Alva Noë’s theory of perception. We consider whether sensorimotor knowledge related to tissue damage plays a role in pain experience. We explore this possibility by considering various kinds...

It has been demonstrated that suggestion directed toward eliciting fewer reports of detection of minimal pain and suggestion directed toward greater pain tolerance (fewer withdrawals) altered the response probabilities in the expected direction and in addition raised both the pain detection and pain tolerance thresholds to thermal stimulation. However, sensory decision theory analysis of the sa...

The gate control theory (GCT) of pain proposes that pain- and touch-sensing neurons antagonize each other through spinal cord dorsal horn (DH) gating neurons. However, the exact neural circuits underlying the GCT remain largely elusive. Here, we identified a new population of deep layer DH (dDH) inhibitory interneurons that express the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret neonatally. These early RET+ d...

A qualitative study was conducted with semi-structured interviews with the aim of understanding the experience of children and adolescents under palliative care when managing pain daily and how they describe the intensity, quality and location of pain. We used Piaget's theory of cognitive development as a theoretical framework and oral history as a methodological framework. We found four themes...

Overlapping functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity elicited by physical pain and social rejection has posited a common neural representation between the two experiences. However, Woo and colleagues (Nat Commun 5: 5380, 2014) recently used multivariate statistics to challenge the "shared representation" theory of pain. This study has implications in the way results from fMRI studi...

The International Association for the Study of Pain has classified pain into nociceptive pain, neuropathic and nociplastic based on cause pain. At present, is that not following characteristics: no clear evidence actual or threatened tissue damage causing activation peripheral nociceptors disease lesion somatosensory system If there damage, lesion, it pain; if none, In other words, difference i...

The aim of this study was to generate a substantive theory, based on interviews with children and adolescents with low back pain (LBP), explaining how they manage their main concerns in daily life. Tape-recorded open interviews were conducted with 14 boys and girls with LBP, aged 12-18 years, who participated in a 12-week physical therapy intervention. The grounded theory was used for analyzing...

background and objectives: prayer is one of the most important religious ordinances and is one of the necessities of islam. in spite of the progression of medicine science, it is sometimes seen that the mundane subjects become hopeless in curing physical diseases and this time, the hopeless man appeals to the lord god. this review study was conducted to examine the positive and negative views r...