This study evaluated the expression of antimicrobial abaecin and defensin genes in virgin honey-bee queens (Apis mellifera) following induction 4th larval instar with bacterium Paenibacillus larvae (1.07 × 102 CFU/queen); to investigate whether presence bacteria affects immune response as well gene transcript levels for proteins. The total body proteins bacteria-treated showed a highly signific...

The green microalga Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck (Chlorellaceae) is widely used as a food supplement for humans and animals. In beekeeping practice, has potential pollen supplement. We studied whether extracts display antimicrobial properties against Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of honey bee bacterial disease American foulbrood. identified components responsible activity evaluated...

Seventy polyfloral honeys including commercial samples obtained from supermarkets, harvested from apiaries and purchased in bulk were initially examined for total antibacterial activity. From each sample, numbers of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total coliforms, moulds and yeasts were determined and the presence of Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Clostridium sulfite-reducers, Paenibacillus larva...

American foulbrood is the most destructive brood disease of honeybees (Apis mellifera) globally. The absence of a repeatable, universal typing scheme for the causative bacterium Paenibacillus larvae has restricted our understanding of disease epidemiology. We have created the first multilocus sequence typing scheme (MLST) for P. larvae, which largely confirms the previous enterobacterial repeti...

mojtaba moharami 1 - hossein modirrousta 2       1-assistant professor of  bee pathology, razi vaccine and serum research institute. 2- msc of  microbiology, razi vaccine and serum research institute abstract  american foulbrood (afb), a severe bacterial disease of honeybee brood, caused by the sporeforming bacterium paenibacillus larvae subspecies larvae. the agent, infect and kill larvae and ...

Most species of social insects have singly mated queens, but in some species each queen mates with numerous males to create a colony with a genetically diverse worker force. The adaptive significance of polyandry by social insect queens remains an evolutionary puzzle. Using the honeybee (Apis mellifera), we tested the hypothesis that polyandry improves a colony's resistance to disease. We estab...

The antimicrobial activity of tetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees) essential oil (CEO) was evaluated against six different isolates of Paenibacillus larvae (White), the causal agent of American Foulbrood (AFB) disease in honey bee colonies. The bacteria isolates were collected from different localities of Argentine. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in...