Recent reports emphasize the importance of mitochondria in white adipose tissue biology. In addition to their crucial role in energy homeostasis, mitochondria are the main site of reactive oxygen species generation. When moderately produced, they function as physiological signaling molecules. Thus, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species trigger hypoxia-dependent gene expression. Therefore the pr...

metals can cause oxidative stress by increasing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ros), which make antioxidants incapable of defiance against growing amounts of free radicals. metal toxicity is related to their oxidative state and reactivity with other compounds. however, several reports about metals have been published in the recent years. mitochondria, as a site of cellular oxygen con...

edaravone, an antioxidant and radical scavenger, showed protective effects against oxidative stress-like condition. paraquat (pq) is a toxic herbicide considerable evidence suggests that oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to pq toxicity. in this study, protective effect of edaravone against pq induced toxicity and reactive oxygen species (ros) generation in a549 cells and...

objective(s):the neuroprotective effect offruit aqueous extract of ziziphus jujuba lam on glucose-induced neurotoxicity in pc12 cells as an appropriate in vitro model of diabetic neuropathy was investigated. materials and methods: cell viability was determined by the mtt assay. cellular reactive oxygen species (ros) generation was measured by dcfh-da analysis. cleaved caspase-3, a biochemical p...

The purpose of this investigation was to test whether the generation of oxygen radicals is required for the cytotoxic activity of human monocytes. The cytotoxic activity of human monocytes was measured as the capacity to lyse, in vitro, human red cells sensitized with noncomplement-binding lgG anti-D alloantibodies. Lysis was determined by measuring 51Cr release from the red cells. Studies were...

Recent experimental and clinical studies have suggested that oxidative stress is enhanced in heart failure. The production of oxygen radicals is increased in the failing heart whereas antioxidant enzyme activities are preserved. Mitochondrial electron transport is an enzymatic source of oxygen radical generation and also a target against oxidant-induced damage. Chronic increases in oxygen radic...

10-Ethyl-7-oxo-7,10-dihydropyrido[2,3-f]quinoxaline derivatives, synthesized as promising biologically/photobiologically active compounds were characterized by UV/vis, FT-IR and fluorescent spectroscopy. Photoinduced processes of these derivatives were studied by EPR spectroscopy, monitoring in situ the generation of reactive intermediates upon UVA (λmax=365 nm) irradiation. The formation of re...

To investigate the hypothesis that caloric restriction alters mitochondrial function in situ, intact hepatocytes were isolated from fully fed and calorie-restricted (55% of control food intake, 4 months duration) male Brown-Norway rats at 6 months of age, and various parameters were determined. Overall, the production of reactive oxygen species was not affected by caloric restriction, neither w...