Reduced hepatic membrane receptors for acetylated low-density lipoprotein (acetyl-LDL) and maleylated BSA (Mal-BSA) with apparent molecular masses of 35 kDa, 85 kDa and 15 kDa have been extracted from rat liver and separated by affinity chromatography as described by us previously [Ottnad, Via, Sinn, Freidrich, Ziegler & Dresel (1990) Biochem. J. 265, 689-698]. Binding of these three reduced sc...

Lipid-laden peripheral tissue cells release cholesterol to an extracellular acceptor such as high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Foam cells are formed at the first stage of atherosclerosis development. This study investigated whether sage weed (Salvia plebeia) extract (SWE) influences cholesterol handling of J774A1 murine macrophages. A murine macrophage cell line, J774A1, was used in this study. O...

The influence of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+), together with lipoprotein lipase (LPL), on the binding and uptake of Eu(3+)-labeled native and oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) to mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM), and on the deposition of esterified cholesterol in these macrophages, were studied. We found that both LPL and Ca(2+) (but not Mg(2+)) increased the binding and uptake of native and mildly...

Glutathione (GSH) plays a key role in cellular antioxidant defenses by scavenging reactive oxygen species and reducing lipid peroxides. Intracellular GSH levels are regulated by transport of its precursor L-cystine via system xc , which can be induced by oxidant stress. As oxidatively modified low density lipoproteins (LDLs) contribute to impaired vascular reactivity and the formation of athero...

INTRODUCTION: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme which known to hydrolyse most pesticides including organophosphates (OPs) and prevent atherosclerosis by inhibiting oxidative modification of low-density (LDL). Glyphosate one the common organophosphate used in agriculture many developing countries Malaysia. The aim this study assess PON1 ability oxidized L...

the lipid part. We agree that the peroxidation of lipids present in LDL is not the only way to generate LDL oxidation. Direct oxidation of the protein moiety of the lipoprotein also occurs. The process of LDL oxidation leads to the modification of the protein moiety of LDL, either directly—via aldehydes released from endothelial cells, as Holvoet described, or via myeloperoxidase-derived hypoch...

BACKGROUND In the course of atherosclerosis, humans and apolipoprotein (apoE) Knockout (KO) mice exhibit an active cell-mediated and humoral immune process, both at the systemic level and within atheromata. Low density lipoproteins (LDL) infiltrate the vascular wall, where they are oxidatively modified. This oxidative modification may generate new epitopes for which tolerance is not achieved du...

Glycation and/or oxidation of LDL may promote diabetic nephropathy. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, which includes extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs), modulates cell function. Therefore, we examined the effects of LDL on ERK phosphorylation in cultured rat mesangial cells. In cells exposed to 100 microg/ml native LDL or LDL modified by glycation, and/or m...

The aim of this study was to determine in humans whether oxidized cholesterol in the diet is absorbed and contributes to the pool of oxidized lipids in circulating lipoproteins. When a meal containing 400 mg cholestan-5alpha,6alpha-epoxy-3beta-ol (alpha-epoxy cholesterol) was fed to six controls and three subjects with Type III hyperlipoproteinemia, alpha-epoxy cholesterol in serum was found in...

BACKGROUND Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) and oxLDL-containing immune complexes (oxLDL-IC) contribute to formation of lipid-laden macrophages (foam cells). It has been shown that oxLDL-IC are considerably more efficient than oxLDL in induction of foam cell formation, inflammatory cytokines secretion, and cell survival promotion. Whereas oxLDL is taken up by several scavenger receptor...