نتایج جستجو برای: oxidative phosphorylation respiration
تعداد نتایج: 257783 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The effects of N-substituted tricyanovinylamines on oxidative phosphorylation as well as on glutathione and total SH group concentrations in rat liver mitochondria was studied. The N-TCVA derivatives studied (N-cyclohexyl; N-isobutyl; N-benzyl; N-phenyl; N-4-Br-phenyl; N-3-nitrophenyl) had an uncoupling effection on the oxidative phosphorylation. They stimulated the respiration of mitochondria ...
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury is still an open problem in many clinical circumstances, including surgery and transplantation. This study investigates how mitochondrial structure, mass and oxidative phosphorylation change and may be preserved during a brief period of ischemia followed by a long period of reperfusion, an experimental model that mimics the condition to which a liver is exposed...
Glucocorticoid treatment is often linked to increased whole-body energy expenditure and hypermetabolism. Glucocorticoids affect mitochondrial energy production, notably in the liver, where they lead to mitochondrial uncoupling reducing the efficacy of oxidative phosphorylation. However, the signaling pathways involved in these phenomena are poorly understood. Here we treated HepG2 cells with de...
Every developed and adapted biological system extracts useful energy from outside, converts, stores it, and uses for muscular contraction, substrate transport, protein synthesis, and other energy utilizing processes. This energy management in a living cell is called the bioenergetics, and the useful energy is the exergy, which is destroyed in every irreversible process because of the entropy pr...
Previous studies have suggested that the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation in the freshwater eel (Anguilla anguilla) is increased after acclimation to high hydrostatic pressure. Analysis at atmospheric pressure of the respiratory chain complexes showed that, after 21 days at 10.1 MPa, the activity of complex II was decreased to approximately 50 % (P<0.01) of the control value and that cyt...
There is limited knowledge about the metabolic reprogramming induced by cancer therapies and how this contributes to therapeutic resistance. Here we show that although inhibition of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling markedly decreased glycolysis and restrained tumor growth, these signaling and metabolic restrictions triggered autophagy, which supplied the metabolites required for the maintenance of mitoc...
During hibernation, animals cycle between periods of torpor, during which body temperature (T(b)) and metabolic rate (MR) are suppressed for days, and interbout euthermia (IBE), during which T(b) and MR return to resting levels for several hours. In this study, we measured respiration rates, membrane potentials, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of liver and skeletal muscle mitochond...
BACKGROUND Lack of NDUFS4, a subunit of mitochondrial complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase), causes Leigh syndrome (LS), a progressive encephalomyopathy. Knocking out Ndufs4, either systemically or in brain only, elicits LS in mice. In patients as well as in KO mice distinct regions of the brain degenerate while surrounding tissue survives despite systemic complex I dysfunction. For the un...
Brown JCL, Chung DJ, Belgrave KR, Staples JF. Mitochondrial metabolic suppression and reactive oxygen species production in liver and skeletal muscle of hibernating thirteen-lined ground squirrels. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 302: R15–R28, 2012. First published October 12, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00230.2011.—During hibernation, animals cycle between periods of torpor, during which ...
Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration is a complex process that involves several signaling pathways and transcription factors as well as communication between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Here we show that decreased expression of histones or a defect in nucleosome assembly in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae results in increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number...
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