the analyze of the petroleum contract determines that the ownership of the oil and gas filed is one of the very fundamental issues in the petroleum contract not only for the host country in the middle east but also for the petroleum companies. but the analyze of the petroleum contracts from the ownership perspective may show that the hybrid nature of this ownership rights, one from private law ...

A large fraction of US public stock is held by institutional investors that frequently hold shares in multiple firms in the same industry (“common ownership”). Concerns have been raised that common ownership might harm competition if it confers influence over important strategic decisions. Using data from the airline industry, we estimate the effects of common ownership on airline prices using ...

A joint-ownership verification approach [1] verified all the co-owners with a secret sharing algorithm given that an authority is always available. The joint-ownership scheme was also extended to confirm partial ownership with additional watermarks embedded. This paper pointed out this extension reduces the scheme security and image quality. Additionally, the present paper proposes a new dynami...

Psychological ownership is rarely considered in health discourse related to chronic illness or disease state. Construction of identity is an important consideration within this framework. This autoethnographic study explores psychological ownership and identity related to prostate cancer and chronic illness. Conclusions about the nature of psychological ownership and identity were gathered from...

The predominant smart card ownership model is the issuer centric, and it has played a vital role in the proliferation of the technology. However, recent developments of multi-application smart card technology lead to new potential ownership models. One of the possible models is the User Centric Smart Card Ownership Model. In this model, the ownership is with smart card users. To support user’s ...

BACKGROUND Asthma is a heterogeneous condition and differential effects of pet ownership on non-atopic versus atopic asthma have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pet ownership during pregnancy and early childhood was associated with wheezing from birth to age 7 years and with lung function at age 8 years in a UK population-based birth cohort. METHODS Data from t...

CONTEXTS Alcohol-branded merchandise (ABM) has a longer shelf-life than other forms of alcohol marketing and the potential to become integrated into children's self-identities. OBJECTIVE This review sought to explore the current literature on children's exposure to, and the impact of, ABM. DATA SOURCES PsycInfo, Proquest, Science Direct, and ABI-Inform databases were searched from the earli...

Ownership is the concept of structuring the object store into different contexts by enabling objects to be the owner of other objects. All objects with the same owner are said to be in the same context. Restricting aliasing of objects in other contexts enables local reasoning about code correctness and simplifies comprehension and maintenance of program code. So far, different ownership type sy...

When an image is created by multiple authors, it is reasonable that no single author monopolize the ownership. The ownership should be shared among these authors, and the ownership should be proved by a group of authors. In this paper, we propose a joint ownership protection scheme for co-authored images. Some of the authors or all of the authors can verify ownership. This scheme integrates dis...

By using a unique dataset of Finnish mutual funds and fund managers, we investigate whether manager ownership is related to fund performance. When we examine manager ownership measured as a percentage of the fund’s total assets, we find no relation between ownership and performance. This finding contradicts with US evidence. Further, when we employ ownership measured as a percentage of the mana...