A quantitative theory of attosecond pulse generation in relativistically driven overdense plasma slabs is presented based on an explicit analysis of synchrotron-type electron trajectories. The subcycle, field-controlled release, and subsequent nanometer-scale acceleration of relativistic electron bunches under the combined action of the laser and ionic potentials give rise to coherent radiation...

It is known from theory that, by means of a plasma physics approach, it is possible to obtain a simple formula to calculate the approximate height of a meteor (Foschini, 1999). This formula can be used in case of forward scatter of radio waves and has the advantage that it does not depend on the diffusion coefficient. On the other hand, it is possible to apply the formula to a particular type o...

Evolution of collimated plasma jets and ion acceleration from micron to sub-micron thickness foils following the interaction of ultra intense (up to 3 ×10 W/cm) laser pulses is investigated. We characterized the correlation between laser intensity and target areal density for the formation of a supersonic dense plasma jet. With the maximum achievable intensity on target, jets with Mach number u...

Focusing of a 15 MeV, 19 nC electron bunch by an underdense plasma lens operated just beyond the threshold of the underdense condition has been demonstrated in experiments at the Fermilab NICADD Photoinjector Laboratory (FNPL). The strong 1.9 cm focal-length plasmalens focused both transverse directions simultaneously and reduced the minimum area of the beam spot by a factor of 23. Analysis of ...

Deep surveys have recently discovered galaxies at the tail end of the epoch of reionization. In the near future, these discoveries will be complemented by a new generation of low-frequency radio observatories that will map the distribution of neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium through its redshifted 21cm emission. In this paper we calculate the expected cross-correlation between the d...

Overdense plasma heating with electron Bernstein waves (EBWs) is of large importance for fusion, since ultra high density operation is a promising fusion scenario for stellarators and heliotrons. The EBW physics is also important for spherical tokamaks (ST). Here the plasma core is inaccessible for standard ECRH with electromagnetic waves. The EBW driven current could help to stabilize MHD-mode...

We investigate the evolution of nonlinear density perturbations by taking into account the effects of shear and angular momentum of the system. Starting from the standard spherical top hat model in which these terms are ignored, we introduce a physically motivated closure condition which specifies the dependence of these terms on δ. The modified equation can be used to model the behavior of an ...

One of the prime pieces of evidence for dark matter is the observation of large overdense regions in the universe. Since we know from the cosmic microwave background that the regions that contained the most baryons when the universe was ∼ 400, 000 years old were overdense by only one part in ten thousand, perturbations had to have grown since then by a factor greater than (1 + z∗) ≃ 1180 where ...