We present a self-interaction-free density-functional theory ~DFT! for the treatment of both the static properties of the ground states and the photoionization processes of many-electron systems. The method is based on the Krieger-Li-Iafrate ~KLI! treatment of the optimized effective potential ~OEP! theory and the incorporation of an explicit self-interaction correction ~SIC! term. Such an exte...

Temperature dependencies of the threshold current, device slope efficiency, and heterobarrier electron leakage current from the active region of InGaAsP–InP multiquantum-well (MQW) lasers with different profiles of acceptor doping were measured. We demonstrate that the temperature sensitivity of the device characteristics depends on the profile of p-doping, and that the variance in the temperat...

One promising approach to energy-efficient computation, approximate computing, trades off output precision for gains in energy efficiency. Many applications can easily tolerate small errors, especially if they are handled in a disciplined manner. However, approximation introduces an inherent tradeoff between quality of result and energy efficiency. Existing approaches lack ways to quantify and ...

Standard nonimaging components used to collect and integrate light in light-emitting-diode-based projector light engines such as tapered rods and compound parabolic concentrators are compared to optimized freeform shapes in terms of transmission efficiency and spatial uniformity. We show that the simultaneous optimization of the output surface and the profile shape yields transmission efficienc...

A high-conversion-efficiency optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier (OPCPA) with high-energy-stability is demonstrated using lithium triborate (LBO) crystals. Total conversion efficiency of 25% is realised with a net gain of greater than 10. An output energy of ~180mJ at a 2-Hz repetition rate, with a stability of better than 1.5% rms is achieved. The output beam takes the spatial profile o...

One promising approach to energy-efficient computation, approximate computing, trades off output precision for gains in energy efficiency. Many applications can easily tolerate small errors, especially if they are handled in a disciplined manner. However, approximation introduces an inherent tradeoff between quality of service and energy efficiency. Existing approaches lack ways to quantify and...

Chloroplasts, unique organelles of plants, originated from endosymbiosis of an ancestor of today's cyanobacteria with a mitochondria-containing host cell. It is assumed that the outer envelope membrane, which delimits the chloroplast from the surrounding cytosol, was thus inherited from its Gram-negative bacterial ancestor. This plastid-specific membrane is thus equipped with elements of prokar...

Optoelectronic plethysmography (OEP) has been used to measure changes in chest wall volume and its compartments. However, literature lacks research on its reliability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of OEP. Thirty-two healthy subjects were evaluated at rest and during submaximal exercise on a cycle ergometer. The following variables were as...

BACKGROUND AND AIM In the fall of 2013, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published a preliminary report on a cluster of liver disease cases that emerged in Hawaii in the summer 2013. This report claimed a temporal association as sufficient evidence that OxyELITE Pro (OEP), a dietary supplement (DS) mainly for weight loss, was the cause of this mysterious cluster. However,...