 Academic Honesty  Attendance in Class  Auditing Courses  Credit Hour  Classification of Students by Class Level  Course Credit Policies  Course Registration, Change of Program, and Withdrawal Policies  Course Selection Policies  Planned Educational Leave  Grading System and Policies  Definition of Letter Grading Symbols  Use of Plus/Minus Symbols  Computation of Grade Point Averag...

A widespread opinion before the credit crisis of 2007/8 was that securitisation enhances financial stability by dispersing credit risk. After the credit crisis, securitisation was blamed for allowing the hot potato of bad loans to be passed to unsuspecting investors. Both views miss the endogeneity of credit supply. Securitisation enables credit expansion through higher leverage of the financia...

the legislator needs to legal entity to management of financial crisis of bankrupts in order toyour goals. the legal entity that plays an important role in management of financial crisis of bankrupts is “discharge”.the definition of discharge is that the bankrupt discharge from payment of debts after the bankruptcy proceeding. the goal of discharge is “fresh start” of bankrupt. the positive eff...

Credit ratings convey credit risk information to participants in financial markets, including investors, issuers, intermediaries and regulators. This paper proposes an automatic text analysis system for financial news and analyzes the effects of news coverage and sentiment factors on credit ratings. Our experiment results show that firms with higher news coverage received worse ratings in the n...

For some time, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System has sought to obtain more detailed and timely information on the debt status, loan payment behavior, and overall credit quality of U.S. consumers. Such information could facilitate the Board's analysis of macroeconomic conditions, improve its understanding of the way credit is provided to consumers, and enhance the System's sup...

The issue of credit risk and deferred bank claims is one of the sensitive issues of banking industry, which can be considered as the main cause of bank failures. In recent years, the economic slowdown accompanied by inflation in Iran has led to an increase in deferred bank claims that could put the country's banking system in serious trouble. Accordingly, the current paper presents a prediction...

Abstract: Despite the fast development in trading volume, potential credit risk hindered the development of e-commerce in emerging economies. This paper studies the credit rating industry and its application in e-commerce firstly. Then fuzzy consistent matrix, which makes conform to the consistency of human decision making as its special property of center-division transitivity, is applied to c...

The profitability of any credit card portfolio is influenced by complex interactions between several conflicting factors like credit risk, probability of attrition, propensity to revolve, credit limit utilization and revenue generated. In this context, the allocation and maintenance of appropriate credit limits, and optimum pricing are the most critical parameters, as they affect a number of th...

In credit based payment systems, con dential data such as PIN and credit card number embedded in an electronic credit card must be protected. The authenticity of an electronic credit card in a payment process is normally achieved through an on-line trusted server such as a nancial institution that runs the payment system. This paper considers some novel secure electronic credit card based payme...