For high-bay and outdoor lighting fixtures, the cost of LED driver electronics is reported to be 17 percent of the total fixture cost. An additional 40 percent of the fixture cost comes from the mechanical, thermal and electrical portions of the fixture [1]. These portions help support the weight and volume of the LED driver, as well as protect the driver against surge events, such as lightning...

Bovine mastitis (BM) is a prevalent condition on dairy farms, affecting both livestock health and reducing profitability. This study investigated the feasibility of diagnosing BM in Holstein dairy cattle using thermography. To increase the detection between healthy cattle and unhealthy one and to better compare the results from thermal images, a number of parameters including somatic cell count...

In contemporary urban development, to improve the quality of public urban spaces has become one of the most outstanding goals of local urban policies, in order to increase pedestrian activities and people’s social interaction. In this context, to promote outdoor thermal comfort has an utmost importance, especially considering the heat island phenomenon. This paper recalls the use of urban desig...

420 Introduction Going back to the starting point of the development, the following question arises: What are the desirable parameters of stabilized outdoor earthen plaster? To be able to reply to this question, we must first define onto what surfaces the plaster will be applied. Modern earthen structures built in our climatic zone must be fitted with thermal insulation and treated as compositi...

In this paper, we describe a face video database, UTK-LRHM, acquired from long distances and with high magnifications. Both indoor and outdoor sequences are collected under uncontrolled surveillance conditions. To our knowledge, it is the first database to provide face images from long distances (indoor: 10–16 m and outdoor: 50–300 m). The corresponding system magnifications range from 3· to 20...

introduction: high percentage of orchard products, such as apples, is wasted due to mechanical damages that cause fruit quality loss. damages due to static or dynamic pressure or impact are among very common mechanical damages that begin to bruise fruits. post-harvest bruise damage is a major cause for the loss in fruit quality. bruising means damaging fruit tissue and consequently physical cha...

BACKGROUND Workers in many industries are exposed to thermally stressful work environments. Protection of the health of workers without unnecessarily compromising productivity requires the adoption of a heat index that is both reliable and easy to use. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the Thermal Work Limit (TWL), in a controlled environment and under field conditions, against these criteria. METHODS...

The purpose of this paper is to improve the accuracy of the COMFA outdoor thermal comfort model for application to subjects performing physical activity. A sensitivity analysis was performed to identify conditions where the COMFA model produced erroneous estimates of the heat and moisture exchanges between the human body and the ambient environment, based on data from subjects performing modera...

The Universal Thermal Climate Index UTCI assesses the outdoor thermal environment based on the multi-node UTCI-Fiala-model of thermoregulation, which was coupled with a clothing model considering the clothing behaviour of an urban population. The applicability of UTCI to exercising, resting or occupational settings is currently limited by the assumed moderate activity level (2.3 MET) and the ma...