A traditional traffic signal control system is established based on vehicular delay, queue length, saturation and other indicators. However, due to the increasing severity of urban environmental pollution issues and the development of a resource-saving and environmentally friendly social philosophy, the development of low-carbon and energy-efficient urban transport is required. This paper first...

OBJECTIVES To determine the output levels of a commercially available MPEG layer-3 (MP3) player and to evaluate changes in hearing after 1 hour of listening to the MP3 player. DESIGN First, A-weighted sound pressure levels (measured in decibels [dBA]) for 1 hour of pop-rock music on an MP3 player were measured on a head and torso simulator. Second, after participants listened to 1 hour of pop...

UNLABELLED Exposure to loud music is increasing among young people, and so could be the number of hearing impairment cases in this population. Otoacoustic emission tests are sensitive in capturing the effects of exposure to noise, and allow the detection of early cochlear disorders. OBJECTIVE This study aims to look into the prevalence rates of injuries to outer hair cells in a population of ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Otoacoustic emissions have frequently been used for newborn hearing screening. However, they have low specificities and high referral rates. The presence of amniotic fluid in the middle ear is one reason for these problems. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of human amniotic fluid on otoacoustic emissions and on middle-ear function. METHODS Forty-six chi...

Although stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emissions (SFOAEs) offer compelling advantages as noninvasive probes of cochlear function, they remain underutilized compared to other evoked emission types, such as distortion-products (DPOAEs), whose measurement methods are less complex and time-consuming. Motivated by similar advances in the measurement of DPOAEs, this paper develops and characterizes ...

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