Endosymbiosis creates a unique osmotic circumstance. Hosts are not only responsible for balancing their internal osmolarity with respect to the external environment, but they must also maintain a compatible osmotic environment for their endosymbionts, which may themselves contribute to the net osmolarity of the host cell through molecular fluxes and/or exchange. Cnidarian hosts that harbor intr...

INTRODUCTION The last one-and-a half decades have made it amply clear that the human microbiota have a very significant role to play in health and disease. The human body can (or should) be better viewed as a complex ecosystem inhabited by micro-organisms that outnumber human cells 10 to 1 (Ley et al., 2006). However, most research in this field has been focused on the prokaryotic (specifically...

The mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) has become a model system in which to understand mechanosensation, a process involved in osmoregulation and many other physiological functions. While a high resolution closed state structure is available, details of the open structure and the gating mechanism remain unknown. In this study we combine coarse grained simulations with restrai...

The cuttlefish Sepia officinalis mate and spawn in the intertidal zone where eggs are exposed during low tide to osmotic stress. Embryonic outer yolk sac is a putative site for osmoregulation of young S. officinalis embryos. By using electrophysiological recordings and immunostaining we showed, (i) that the chorion is only a passive barrier for ions, since large molecules could not pass through...

In this paper we demonstrate how Morven, a computational framework which can perform qualitative, semi-quantitative, and quantitative simulation of dynamical systems using the same model formalism, is applied to study the osmotic stress response pathway in yeast. First the Morven framework itself is briefly introduced in terms of the model formalism employed and output format. We then built a q...

The paper featured in this JEB Classics article (Phillips, 1964c) is one of a trio of articles in Volume 41 of The Journal of Experimental Biology in which John Phillips examines the issue of active transport in the insect rectum (Phillips, 1964a,b,c). The rectum of insects is a highly aerobically active organ. Active transport, that is the coupling of metabolic energy to the movement of compou...

changes of ions (na+, cr, k+), osmolarity and water concentration of body tissue, size and number of gill chloride cells as well as mortality percentage of the juveniles caspian roaches in weight groups of0.2, 0.5 & 1g water satiny stress were studied. the salinities tested  were 0 (fesh water), 7, 12.5 & 16g/lit and the assessments were completed 0, 12, 24, 48 & 72 hours after exposure. result...

for this article has been published. It can be found at: A corrigendum http://ajpregu.physiology.org/content/295/4/R1359.full.html for this article can be found at: Supplemental material http://ajpregu.physiology.org/content/suppl/2008/08/11/90337.2008.DC1.html 136 articles, 74 of which can be accessed free at: This article cites http://ajpregu.physiology.org/content/295/2/R704.full.html#ref-li...