Introduction: One of the most common problems we confront in orthodontic therapy is periodontal diseases. Initial factor which causes these diseases is colonization of anaerobic microorganisms in subgingival plaque. Technically, local environmental changes related to orthodontic band and brackets may influence the bacterial species in periodontal plaque. However, it seems necessary to assess va...

T he technique of cementing orthodontic bands to teeth was first introduced by Magil I in 1871 and remained the treatment of choice for more than 85 years. Direct bonding has replaced anterior teeth banding and offers significant advantages such as improved esthetics, ease of placement, patient comfort, decreased soft tissue irritation, enhanced ability to detect interproximal decay, and less d...

Ever since Edward Angle introduced his edgewise appliance in 1925, orthodontic innovators have been working to improve on not only its original design, but also the method of attachment. Our "strap-ups" have evolved from banding to bonding, from labial to lingual, and from metallic to clear. But, as Angle would be pleased to learn, we still call it edgewise.

The aim of this study was to investigate the accumulation and composition of microcosm dental plaque on different orthodontic bonding materials using an in vitro model. Microcosm plaques were grown on discs of a range of bonding materials in a constant depth film fermentor. The biofilms were derived from human saliva and supplied with artificial saliva as a source of nutrients. The number of vi...

AIM To evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of metal brackets bonded to ceramic surfaces using different conditioning methods and to assess the site of bond failure after debonding. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 70 ceramic surfaces were produced with uniform shape, size and composition. The samples were divided into 7 groups (each of 10 samples). Group 1 was the control group (untr...

Although maxillary central incisors impaction is not a high frequent clinical condition, it is responsible for some undesirable aspects of patients smile from esthetic and functional points of view. There are some etiologic factors associated to this dental disturbance but the scientific literature is consensual on determining the importance of the early diagnosis and proper intervention. This ...