This study investigated both facilitation and inhibition mechanisms of attentional orienting. Orienting consists in shifting the attentional focus in the visual field. To study the distribution of attentional resources, a two-choice-reaction time task with compatible and incompatible flankers was used. When an irrelevant flanker is presented adjacent to a target stimulus, interference is observ...

Studies of recall in the absence of expectancy (e.g., Muter, 1980) have suggested that forgetting from primary memory is much more rapid than previously assumed. Two experiments examined the role of secondary memory, as reflected by encoding strategies, in determining this rate of forgetting. Experiment 1 demonstrated that the type of encoding specified by orienting tasks can influence recall i...

In an exogenous orienting task, attention is increased to the target stimulus if the cue validly predicts the target’s location and the cue and target occur in quick succession. With a longer interval between the cue and target, the opposite effect occurs: attention is inhibited for validly cued targets. These attentional phenomena are known as facilitation, and inhibition of return (IOR), resp...

Background: Aphasia is frequently observed in post-stroke patients, and this population usually presents attention impairment. Attention considered to play an important role the language recovery of patients with Post-Stroke (PSA). However, it no idea whether function correlates performance. In our study, we investigated association between PSA patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was ...

We consider the problem of orienting the edges of a graph so that the length of a longest path in the resulting digraph is minimum. As shown by Gallai, Roy and Vitaver, this edge orienting problem is equivalent to finding the chromatic number of a graph. We study various properties of edge orienting methods in the context of local search for graph coloring. We then exploit these properties to d...

Orienting otolith-ocular reflexes were assessed in rabbits using static tilt, off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) and sinusoidal oscillation about earth-horizontal axes. In all paradigms, head pitch produced ocular counter-pitch and vergence, and head roll produced ocular counter-roll and conjugate yaw version. Thus, vergence and version are essential components of orienting reflexes along the na...