In this paper, the computational investigations have been performed to study the pressure and velocity characteristics of an incompressible fluid flowing through a plain symmetric suddenly expanded and contracted rectangular channel. The two-dimensional steady differential equations for conservation of mass and momentum are solved for the Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 50 to 350, the expansi...

Wave-packet interference is investigated within the complex quantum Hamilton-Jacobi formalism using a hydrodynamic description. Quantum interference leads to the formation of the topological structure of quantum caves in space-time Argand plots. These caves consist of the vortical and stagnation tubes originating from the isosurfaces of the amplitude of the wave function and its first derivativ...

Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecologic complain, especially among young women. It influences daily activities, and lowers life quality. In clinical practice, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used as the firstline treatment for dysmenorrhea. However, longterm use of these medications is associated with side effects. Some Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) were reported ...

Dynamic models give detailed information about the influence of many parameters on the behaviour of the biochemical process of interest. Parameter optimization of dynamic models is used in parameter estimation tasks and in design tasks. A drawback of the popular family of global stochastic optimization methods is the stochastic nature of the convergence of the best value of objective function t...

We develop a reduced-order model for large-scale unsteadiness (vortex shedding) in a two-dimensional diffuser and use the model to show how periodic mass injection near the separation point reduces stagnation pressure loss. The model estimates the characteristic frequency of vortex shedding and stagnation pressure loss by accounting for the accumulated circulation due to the vorticity flux into...

The standard analysis in macroeconomics depends on the assumption of the representative agent. However, when the degree of uncertainty becomes significant, we cannot ignore a simple fact that the macroeconomy consists of a large number of heterogeneous agents. In this paper, we demonstrate the importance of the combinatory aspect. Specifically, the effectiveness of policy necessarily weakens as...

Evolutionary algorithms (EAs), such as the differential evolution (DE) algorithm, suffer from high computational time due to large population size and nature of evaluation, to mention two major reasons. The micro-EAs employ a very small population size, which can converge to a reasonable solution quicker; while they are vulnerable to premature convergence as well as high risk of stagnation. One...

A hydrodynamic model involving cooling gas in the stagnation region of a collimated outflow is proposed for the formation of the giant parsec-scale bipolar envelope that surrounds the planetary nebula KjPn 8. Analytical calculations and numerical simulations are presented to evaluate the model. The envelope is considered to consist mainly of environmental gas swept-up by shocks driven by an epi...

We examine global economic dynamics under learning in a New Keynesian model in which the interest-rate rule is subject to the zero lower bound. Under normal monetary and fiscal policy, the intended steady state is locally but not globally stable. Large pessimistic shocks to expectations can lead to deflationary spirals with falling prices and falling output. To avoid this outcome we recommend a...