BACKGROUND The literature suggests an association of pancreatic enzymes with systemic inflammation resulting in secondary organ injury and dysfunction following trauma. Elevation in serum enzymes may not always be predictive of pancreatic disease, and can reflect extra pancreatic production. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to evaluate the rise in serum pancreatic enzyme levels with the in...

spleen is the most frequent solid organ to be injured in blunt abdominal trauma. considering its important role in providing immunity and preventing infection by a variety of mechanisms, every attempt should be made, if possible, to salvage the traumatized spleen at any age particularly in children. after primary resuscitation, mandatory requirements for non-operative management include absence...

Background Penetrating cardiac injury has the highest mortality and morbidity rates of all organ injury. The prehospital mortality rate for penetrating cardiac injury was 70 – 80%. Prehospital care including rapid transportation of patients to trauma center and agresive intervention has increased survival rate. The purpose of this study was to show our experience in treatment of patient with pe...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) actuate to complex cellular and molecular interactions within the central nervous system in a heave to repair the initial tissue damage. The pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) involves primary and secondary mechanisms. Neuroinflammation is an important secondary injury process in SCI. The local inflammatory microenvironment within the injured spinal cord ...

Alcohol consumption contributes to increased incidence and severity of traumatic injury. Compared with patients who do not consume alcohol, alcohol-consuming patients have higher rates of long-term morbidity and mortality during recovery from injury. This can be attributed in part to an impaired immune response in individuals who consume alcohol. Acute and chronic alcohol use can affect both th...

Penile necrosis due to monopolar cauterization during circumcision is a rare complication and may cause organ loss. When applied on an end-organ, current flows through the and, causes disruption of blood flow oxidative stress. injury include skin, glans cavernous bodies. Injury can be limited with help medical treatment hyperbaric oxygen treatment, but eventually need for reconstruction arises...