Pharmacokinetic parameters of 2-(allylthio)pyrazine (2-AP) were evaluated after i.v. administration of the drug (10, 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight) and oral administration of the drug (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight) to rats. The hepatic, gastric, and intestinal first-pass effects of 2-AP were also measured after i.v., intraportal, intraduodenal, and oral administration of the drug (10 a...

It is well known that intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces severe toxicity in mammals. The maximum tolerated dose of intravenous administration of LPS in humans is reported to be only 1 to 4 ng/kg body weight. However, oral administration of a high dose of LPS caused no toxicity or systemic inflammation in other mammals, birds, or fish. Two weeks of oral administration...

Background: Concomitant oral administration of NFX with TNZ may affect NFX absorption and consequently its blood concentration and pharmacological effect. Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of TNZ on the pharmacokinetics of NFX in healthy volunteers. Methods: This study was conducted as an open-label, randomized, two-way crossover experimental design. After an...

Background: Concomitant oral administration of NFX with TNZ may affect NFX absorption and consequently its blood concentration and pharmacological effect. Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of TNZ on the pharmacokinetics of NFX in healthy volunteers. Methods: This study was conducted as an open-label, randomized, two-way crossover experimental design. After an...

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a major method of treatmentfor different hematologic and congenital disease. Graft versus host disease (GvHD) is a lifethreateningadverse effect of AHSCT. Cyclosporine is the most important and common agentfor GvHD prophylaxis. Because of variable and unpredictable pharmacokinetics of cyclosporinethat produces...

Background: Melatonin is a free radical scavenger. It has also antioxidant effects through its stimulatory actions on antioxidant system. Objective: We conducted this study to examine the effect of different oral doses of melatonin on liver tissue. Methods: We used 42 rats—6 rats in each group. Group I served as the control group; group II rats were pretreated with only melatonin; group III w...

OBJECTIVE The emergence of various modes of administration for cancer treatment, including oral administration, brings into focus the importance of patient preference for administration. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the administration preferences of cancer patients, specifically between oral and intravenous (IV) treatment, as well as the factors contributing to preference. MET...

Overnight basal insulin requirements to maintain euglycemia were determined in five insulin-dependent diabetic subjects using a closed-loop insulin infusion system. A significant increase in hourly insulin requirements occurred between 0600 h and 0900 h as compared with 0100 h-0600 h. Although the increased insulin requirement was coincident with only the physiologic diurnal increase in plasma ...

The oral administration of iron to anaemic infants often fails to restore the haemoglobin level as rapidly as it would in an adult. The reason for this failure could be either failure of absorption or failure to utilize the iron which had been absorbed, or deposition of all the iron in the tissue stores without any being incorporated in the haemoglobin. It was therefore decided to study the abs...