Attacks on behavioral biometrics have become increasingly popular. Most research has been focused on presenting a previously obtained feature vector to the biometric sensor, often by the attacker training themselves to change their behavior to match that of the victim. However, obtaining the victim’s biometric information may not be easy, especially when the user’s template on the authenticatio...

Recent epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies have demonstrated important links between sleep duration and architecture, circadian rhythms, and metabolism, although the genetic pathways that interconnect these processes are not well understood. Leptin is a circulating hormone and major adiposity signal involved in long-term energy homeostasis. In this study, we tested the hypothesi...

The present study investigated the relationship between verbal and visuospatial working memory (WM) capacity and long-range regression (i.e., word relocation) processes in reading. We analyzed eye movements during a "whodunit task", in which readers were asked to answer a content question while original text was being presented. The eye movements were more efficient in relocating a target word ...

When an expansion flow field of moving dots is overlapped by planar motion, observers perceive an illusory displacement of the focus of expansion (FOE) in the direction of the planar motion (Duffy and Wurtz, Vision Research, 1993;33:1481–1490). The illusion may be a consequence of induced motion, wherein an induced component of motion relative to planar dots is added to the motions of expansion...

Patients with Parkinson's disease exhibit tremor, involuntary movement of the limbs. The frequency spectrum of tremor typically has broad peaks at "harmonic" frequencies, much like that seen in other physical processes. In general, this type of harmonic structure in the frequency domain may be due to two possible mechanisms: a nonlinear oscillation or a superposition of (multiple) independent m...

We introduce the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to the biometric community as an index of the temporal persistence, or stability, of a single biometric feature. It requires, as input, a feature on an interval or ratio scale, and which is reasonably normally distributed, and it can only be calculated if each subject is tested on 2 or more occasions. For a biometric system, with multipl...

Does the presence of people in a natural scene affect the way that we inspect that picture? Previous research suggests that we have a natural tendency to look at the social information before other items in a scene. There is also evidence that accuracy of visual memory and the way we move our eyes are related. This experiment investigated whether eye movements differed when participants correct...

Recently, the need for more secure identity verification systems has driven researchers to explore other sources of biometrics. This includes iris patterns, palm print, hand geometry, facial recognition, and movement patterns (hand motion, gait, and eye movements). Identity verification systems may benefit from the complexity of human movement that integrates multiple levels of control (neural,...

As a robot could be stable statically standing on three or more legs, a six legged walking robot can be highly flexible in movements and perform different missions without dealing with serious kinematic and dynamic problems. An experimental six legged walking robot with 18 degrees of freedom is studied and built in this paper. The kinematic and gait analysis formulations are demonstrated by an e...