compared to conventional chlorination methods which apply chlorine at water treatment plant, booster chlorination has almost solved the problems of high dosages of chlorine residuals near water sources and lack of chlorine residuals in the remote points of a water distribution system (wds). however, control of trihalomethane (thm) formation as a potentially carcinogenic disinfection by-product ...

the markowitz’s optimization problem is considered as a standard quadratic programming problem that has exact mathematical solutions. considering real world limits and conditions, the portfolio optimization problem is a mixed quadratic and integer programming problem for which efficient algorithms do not exist. therefore, the use of meta-heuristic methods such as neural networks and evolutionar...

In this paper, the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method is used to find optimal layouts of 3D prestressed concrete beams. Considering the element sensitivity number as the design variable, the mathematical formulation of topology optimization is developed based on the ABAQUS finite element software package. The surface-to-surface contact with a small sliding between...

Users may now choose from a vast range of compiler optimizations. These optimizations interact in variety sophisticated ways with one another and the source code. The order which optimization steps are applied can have considerable influence on performance obtained. As result, we created revolutionary prediction model. Our model comprises three operational phases: training, feature extraction, ...

in the present study, water allocation of latian dam between agricultural products was evaluated by using inexact two-stage optimization model and the final results were compared to a fuzzy interval. data were collected from the regional water and agricultural organization of tehran province for 1991 to 2009 years. the results showed that by using interval fuzzy programming, 63%, 69%, 49% and 3...

bus systems are unstable without considering any control. thus, we are able to consider some control strategies to alleviate this problem. a holding control strategy is one commonly used real-time control strategy that can improve service quality. this paper develops a mathematical model for a holding control strategy. the objective of this model is to minimize the total cost related to passeng...

the main goal of the present study was to implement a hybrid pattern of cellular automata model and particle swarm optimization algorithm based on tm and etm+ imagery of landsat satellite from 1988 to 2010 for simulating the urban sprawling. in this study, an alternative model was implemented in two ways: the first method was based on two images (1988 and 2010) and the second one was based on t...