Mammographic screening for early detection of breast cancer has proven valuable in improving breast cancer survival. However, breast cancer incidence is still increasing, and thus preventative oncology needs to receive more attention, with the goal of identifying women with increased risk of developing breast cancer in the future and offering them risk reduction interventions. Mammogram derived...

Spectrophotometry has been the conventional technique for measuring optical density of irradiated gels [1]. Later, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was found to be capable of imaging radiation dose patterns in 3D [2]. Optical methods are still under investigation in the form of optical tomography [3– 6]. They promise to give three dimensional dose distributions without the cost attached to MRI....

The next-generation servers and supercomputers with high performance and low power consumption require not only CPUs with an enhanced processing capability, but also signal transmission technology that connects CPUs with other CPUs or memories at high density and low power. It is becoming difficult for electrical signal transmission to satisfy the demand for the next-generation servers and supe...

The validity of the local density approximation as applied to the construction of the nucleonnucleus optical potential is studied. A Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin local (WKB) equivalent potential to the second-order term of the Kerman, McManus, and Thaler (KMT) multiple scattering expansion of the nucleon nucleus optical potential is derived. Assuming that the nucleon-nucleon transition amplitude i...

New scheme of a real-time all-optical switching (AOS) was demonstrated as the fluorescence signal of cesium twophoton transition (TPT) with the control field. This work explored the optical phenomenon of the TPT with the control field that shares a common excited state, in which the TPT fluorescence is quenched under the control field intensity. The strong stimulated emission due to the control...

PURPOSE The loss of quality of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images resulting from disturbances in the optical media has been modeled. METHODS OCT measurements were performed in two healthy volunteers using time domain (TD)-OCT (StratusOCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA). Optical disturbances were approached in three ways simulated with filters. The studied effects were: light attenuati...

Optic disk reflectance was measured from 27 normal observers with their physiological lenses (aged 21-74 yr) and from two pseudophakic observers (aged 69 and 70 yr) with use of a Utrecht fundus reflection densitometer. Psychophysical heterochromatic flicker photometric luminance matches (10 degrees field) were obtained on the same group of the observers. A four-parameter model incorporating len...