Figure 1: Correcting presbyopia using multilayer displays. A presbyopic individual observes a watch held at a distance of 45 cm. Due to the limited range of accommodation, the watch appears out of focus. To read the watch, corrective eyewear (e.g., bifocals) must be worn with a +2.50 diopter spherical lens. (Left) As a substitute for eyewear, we observe that the watch can be modified to use a m...

Coma and astigmatism of NICMOS cameras have been derived using phase retrieval analysis of the data from the NICMOS focus monitoring program. Analysis of these aberrations has revealed that y-coma in all three camera experienced a systematic change over the NICMOS lifetime in Cycles 7 and 7a. A similar variation has been found for x-astigmatism in camera 2. In camera 3, the x-astigmatism increa...

Human visual performance is usually measured by conventional techniques (eg. letter charts), which cannot provide complete information of what a person actually sees in complex scenes. This paper considers reconstruction of the retinal image for real-world scenes based on the monochromatic aberrations of the human eye. Such aberrations can be evaluated by using an aberroscope or a Hartmann-Shac...

The polarization in isotropic radially symmetric lens and mirror systems in the paraxial approximation is examined. Polarized aberrations are variations in the phase, amplitude, and polarization state of the electromagnetic field across the exit pupil. Some are dependent on the incident polarization state and some are not. Expressions through fourth order for phase, amplitude, linear diattenuat...

A fundamental problem facing sensory systems is to recover useful information about the external world from signals that are corrupted by the sensory process itself. Retinal images in the human eye are affected by optical aberrations that cannot be corrected with ordinary spectacles or contact lenses, and the specific pattern of these aberrations is different in every eye. Though these aberrati...

The impact of intraocular scatter and higher order aberrations (HOAs) on ocular optical quality was investigated. An eye model constructed using the measured aberrations, corneal surfaces, axial length, fraction, HOAs modulation transfer functions (MTFs) studied based newly established model. For uniform scatter, monochromatic polychromatic MTF decreased as or fractions increased independently ...

Aberrations occur in multispectral cameras featuring filter wheels because of color filters with different optical properties being present in the ray path. In order to ensure an exact compensation of these aberrations, a mathematical model of the distortions has to be developed and its parameters have to be calculated using the measured data. Such a model already exists for optical filters pla...

The development of technology to measure and correct the eye's higher-order aberrations, i.e., those beyond defocus and astigmatism, raises the issue of how much visual benefit can be obtained by providing such correction. We demonstrate improvements in contrast sensitivity and visual acuity in white light and in monochromatic light when adaptive optics corrects the eye's higher-order monochrom...

Recently, computer numerically controlled machines have permitted the manufacture of progressive power lenses (PPLs) with different designs. However, the possible differences in optical performance among lens designs are not yet well established. In this work, the spatially resolved aberrations, at 20 relevant locations, of three PPLs with different designs were measured with a Hartmann-Shack w...

The development of a metasurface lens, which represents flat optical element with subwavelength thickness, holds the potential for miniaturizing imaging systems. Nevertheless, presence aberrations poses significant challenge achieving optimal quality out it. Moreover, its practical utilization in cameras and wearable devices necessitates simultaneous correction monochromatic chromatic aberratio...