The axons that make up the optic nerve originate from the retinal ganglion cells and extend from there to the lateral geniculate body. If cellular integrity is interrupted by disease anywhere along the course of an axon, degeneration occurs in both directions from the point of insult. Thus, axon frag­ ments between the site of injury and the lat­ eral geniculate body are separated from their nu...

The current study presents the case of a patient with a rare adverse event characterized by sudden vision loss in the untreated eye following an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for neovascular glaucoma (NVG). The patient was diagnosed with NVG refractory to Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation and a vitreous hemorrhage in the right eye, which was treated with 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab...

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons travel in radial routes unerringly toward the optic disk, their first intermediate target in the center of the eye. The path of the RGC growth cone is restricted to a narrow zone subjacent to the endfeet of Müller glial cells and the vitreal basal lamina. The present survey indicates that RGC growth cones are guided by many molecular cues along their pathway wh...

background: optical coherence tomography (oct) is a simple, high-resolution technique to quantify the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) and macula volume, which provide an indirect measurement of axonal damage in multiple sclerosis (ms). this study aimed to evaluate oct finding in relapsing-remitting ms patients of the northwest of iran and compare them with a normal control group. ...

Visual field testing with automated perimetry is hampered by the amount of noise present in the readings. Here, we derive a physiologically accurate spatial filter to be applied to the data after patient examination. The filter was tested by a Virtual Eye computer simulation. By simulating series of stable fields it was shown that specificity of determining visual field changes was improved; wh...

The visual motion - or optic flow - that results from an observer's own movement can indicate the direction of heading through the environment. Recent experiments have strengthened the argument that neurons in a specialized region of the cerebral cortex are critical for the analysis of this important class of visual stimuli.

Simultaneous object motion and self-motion give rise to complex patterns of retinal image motion. In order to estimate object motion accurately, the brain must parse this complex retinal motion into self-motion and object motion components. Although this computational problem can be solved, in principle, through purely visual mechanisms, extra-retinal information that arises from the vestibular...

localizing the optic disc (od) in retinal fundus images is of critical importance, since it is very similar to hard exudates (found in pathology) in color and brightness. because of the importance of od localization in clinical applications, many techniques have been developed. in this paper, we present the results obtained from two methods, correlation and least square, to approximate the opti...

In order to analyze the meteorological factors possibly influencing the monosymptomatic optic neuritis in Rijeka County, northwestern part of Croatia, retrospective analysis of all cases diagnosed in Rijeka County in period from 1977 to 2001, was done. Meteorological data on monthly and yearly temperature, humidity, insolation in Rijeka County were collected from Croatian Meteorological and Hyd...