Isolation of a recessive aco (androcarpel organ) mutation in opium poppy Papaver somniferum, is described. The aco (aco aco) mutant plants form androcarpels in place of inner whorl stamens in their flowers. The abnormal flowers are self-fertile, as stamens in the outer whorl are normal. In aco mutant the calyx, corolla and syncarpous gynoecium are formed like in the wild type ACO plants. The an...

Links between licit and illicit economies fuel processes of conflict in countries mired in irregular warfare. However, it is often infeasible to gather demographic and economic data in the war zone that illuminate such links. Combining remote sensing data with local surveys offers an alternative to direct data collection. We present and validate an implementation of such an approach in order to...

Poppy seed is an oilseed obtained from the opium plant (Papaver somniferum). It is one of the oldest known painkillers consisting of many alkaloids (morphine, codeine etc.) and is rich in protein and calcium. The morphine content of poppy seed intended for use in food recently have raised major concern due to intoxication in maximum limits. The federal institute for risk assessment (BFR) derive...