Phase transitions, where observable properties of a many-body system change discontinuously, can occur in both open and closed systems. By placing cold atoms in optical cavities and inducing strong coupling between light and excitations of the atoms, one can experimentally study phase transitions of open quantum systems. Here we observe and study a non-equilibrium phase transition, the condensa...

Entangling a single spin to the polarization of a single incoming photon, generated by an external source, would open new paradigms in quantum optics such as delayed-photon entanglement, deterministic logic gates or fault-tolerant quantum computing. These perspectives rely on the possibility that a single spin induces a macroscopic rotation of a photon polarization. Such polarization rotations ...

E XPERIENCE HAS DEMONSTRATED THAT the proper application of the chemotherapeutic and antibiotic agents now available for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis will result in the arrest of this disease in a majority of patients. Failure of the medical control of pulmonary tuberculosis as manifest by open cavity or sputum positive for tubercle bacilli, or both, has been accepted as indication f...

 We report the development of different algorithms for the calculation of quality factors of eigenmodes in accelerating cavities, which have resonance frequencies above the cutoff frequency of the beam tubes. The analysis is based on a discretization of such cavity structures by the Finite Integration Technique (FIT), and the radiation at the open boundaries is systematically taken into accoun...

We study the non-Markovian quantum dynamics of an emitter inside an open multimode cavity, focusing on the case where the emitter is resonant with high-frequency cavity modes. Based on a Green’s-function technique suited for open photonic structures, we study the crossovers between three distinct regimes as the coupling strength is gradually increased: (i) overdamped decay with a time scale giv...

Numerous foreign bodies, such as surgical gauze, pads and instruments, and other items, have been left behind in the abdominal cavity during open surgeries. These have been traditionally removed at redo open surgeries. Here we describe a case of an artery forceps left behind at a previous surgery (open cholecystectomy and appendicectomy) performed 5 years earlier that was removed by laparoscopy.

A quantitative model was developed to explain the kinetics of tetramethylammonium (TMA+) movement into and out of the goblet cavities of posterior midgut cells of Manduca sexta based on the data of the accompanying paper, which indicated that TMA+ does not enter the goblet cavity directly from the lumen. The model has two cellular compartments between the lumen and goblet cavity; these have bee...

We report on multiplexing several Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavities in single-mode optical fibers for highprecision spatially resolved sensing of refractive indices (RI) liquids. Resonators are fabricated by cutting small slots into using a diamond-blade dicing saw and additional coating with thin Ta 2 O 5 layers to increase cavity reflectance. Temperature compensation RI measurements is achieved eithe...