bacillary dysentery, or shigellosis, is a disease of humans in which the colonic epithelium is invaded by bacteria and subjected to inflammatory destruction. the aim of this study was to develop a polymerase chain reaction(pcr) test for detection of virulent shigella spp.. for this purpose, the primers were designed to amplify a 526-bp internal region of the shigella spp. icsa gene, which encod...

3450 bovine from different breeds and ages were clinically examined for the presence of arthritis. 120 cases showed macroscopic evidences of arthritis. mycoplasma spp were isolated from synovial fluid of 21 affected animals. in addition to mycoplasma spp. arcanobacterium pyogenes and staphylococcus epidermidis were isolated from 2 cases. the synovial fluid was markedly increased, straw color, t...

in order to evaluate the weed diversity in forage crop fields such as alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), clover (trifolium sp.) and sainfoin (onobrychis spp.) in different provinces of iran, a study was conducted by using data from reports of plant protection organization, ministry of agriculture during 2008. after evaluation of weed species and definition of weed family, these species classified ba...