With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and attention to resource reuse, development high-performance degradable green biomass pavement materials attracts a lot interest. Lignin bio-oil effectively combined play synergistic role can improve various properties asphalt partially replace petroleum-based asphalt. Therefore, this paper aims study rheological aging bio-oil/lignin co...

Upgrading of cracked PFO (Pyrolysis fuel oil) for production of fuels, such as gasoline and light gasoil, was carried out in a semi batch reactor. Two different kinds of mesoporous and microporous catalysts, MCM-41 and ZSM-5, were used. Modification methods, such as ion exchange and impregnation with Fe and Ti, were done for tuning the acidity of the catalyst. XRD, FT-IR, and XRF analyzes were ...

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is a method of vegetable oils into simpler fractions and green fuel oils. One component the FCC system furnace. The furnace where combustion process occurs provides high heat transfer throughout system, especially for heating reactor. reactor temperature catalyst temperature. depends on feed oil used in process, such as crude palm at 450‒550 °C or bio-oil 300 °C. ...

Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) are oil palm waste that has the potential as a source of bioenergy because it contains lignocellulose (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) so can be converted into biofuel through thermal cracking, adsorption, distillation processes. Thermal cracking is decomposition chemical content biomass by utilizing heat without mixture oxygen at temperature 200oC–600oC. This st...

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) is the main conversion process used in oil refineries. An X-ray microscopy method is used to show that metal poisoning and related structural changes in the zeolite active material lead to a non-uniform core–shell deactivation of FCC catalyst particles. The study links the detrimental effect of V and Ni poisoning with zeolite destruction and dealumination in a spa...

The conversion of used lubricating oil towards fuel by catalytic is a suitable way to recycle waste oil. Catalyst has key role in conversion. Therefore this research was study the cracking oil, and thus its properties as an alternative for over aluminum fosfate. experiments were carried out batch microreactor at temperature 350-400 oC, atmospheric initial air pressure, 5% w/w catalyst concentra...

Nanotechnology has the potential to introduce revolutionary changes to several areas of oil and gas industry such as exploration, production, enhanced oil recovery, and refining. In this paper, the effect of different concentrations of Fe2O3 nanoparticles as a catalyst on the heavy oil viscosity at various temperatures is studied. Furthermore, the effect of a mixture of Fe2O3 nanoparticles and ...

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill occurred in the summer of 2010 and coincided with the spawning window of the ecologically and economically important pelagic fish mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus). During summer months, early life stage mahi-mahi were likely also exposed to other naturally occurring stressors such as increased temperature and ultraviolet radiation (UV). Previous research has shown...

Conversion of vegetable oils and animal fats composed predominantly of triglycerides using pyrolysis type reactions represents a promising option for the production of renewable fuels and chemicals. The purpose of this article was to collect and review literature on the thermo-chemical conversion of triglyceride based materials. The literature was divided and discussed as (1) direct thermal cra...

One of the limiting factors in large-scale cryopreservation is the formation of fractures. The prevalence of cracking in cryopreserved bulky tissues is frequently associated with temperature gradients, which lead to non-uniform thermal contraction of the tissue. With new cryoprotectants available, it may be possible to reduce temperature gradients to much lower levels, in which case other contr...