The secret to ensuring food security and the growth of agricultural development is farmland production efficiency. In context urbanization, this means that farmers need increase their off-farm employment behavior. research goal paper explore whether will have a impact on production. This based data China Land Economic Survey conducted by Nanjing Agricultural University uses Tobit other methods ...

Structural transformation of agriculture typically involves a gradual increase mean farm sizes and reallocation labor from to other sectors. Such structural is often fostered through innovations in newly emerging opportunities manufacturing services. Here, we use panel data households Indonesia test support the hypothesis that recent oil palm boom contributes transformation. Oil capital-intensi...

Anti-wind farm activists repeatedly claim that families said to be adversely affected by noise from wind turbines "abandon" their homes. In Australia, a claim of "more than 40 families" has been made by a prominent anti-wind farm activist. Six sources (parliamentary submissions, media reports, an anti-wind farm website, wind industry sources, correspondence with known anti-wind farm activists a...

This article examines the impact of cognitive skills on the income of households in Ghana. It uses scores on mathematics and English tests to measure cognitive skills and estimates the returns to these skills based on farm profit, off-farm income, and total income. The article uses Powell’s censored least absolute deviations and symmetrically trimmed least squares estimators to estimate farm an...

Promotion of low-skilled off-farm rural labor market participation can be an important strategy to improve livelihoods and food security of the poor in developing countries. This paper investigates rural farm households' participation in low-skilled off-farm labor markets with disaggregate data from a survey of 400 households in Tigray, the northern highlands of Ethiopia. Adopting Heckman's two...

Contractual agreements between smallholder farmers and agribusiness companies have gained in importance many developing countries. While productivity income effects of contracting the small farm sector were analyzed previous studies, labor market employment are not yet well understood. This is an important research gap, especially against background continued population growth structural transf...

Changes in the employment structure rural China were studied with a focus on off-farm self-employment. Data from Chinese Household Income Project surveys used, covering same 14 provinces 1988 to 2018. We found that proportion of adults self-employment as their primary form increased only 2 percent 11 2013, no further increases through In and 1995, rate was highest eastern region but this region...

Using data from a national survey of farm households in the United States, this paper examines the effects of farm households’ decisions to participate in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and to work off the farm on the technical efficiency of farm household production. After controlling for the self selection bias in estimating the multiple output-oriented distance functions, results sho...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate injury rates, patterns, and risk factors in 4,916 Ontario farm children aged 0-18 years. SETTING 1,765 full time family operated Ontario farms with a husband-wife couple where the wife was of reproductive age. METHODS Injury details were obtained from mothers, while parents and farm operators provided risk factor information retrospectively in a population based mail ...

Uaiene, Rafael N., M.S., Purdue University, December, 2004. Maize and Sorghum Technologies and the Effects of Marketing Strategies on Farmers’ Income in Mozambique. Major Professor: John H. Sanders, College of Agriculture. About three-quarter of Mozambicans depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. Maize and sorghum are major crops and food staples. Given limited off-farm employment opportun...