BACKGROUND Historically, leishmanization is the most effective protective measure against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL), CL lesion induced by leishmanization sometimes takes a long time to heal. Manipulation of leishmanization inoculums needed to induce a mild and acceptable CL lesion. The aim of this study was to explore if liposomal form of CpG ODN (Cytosin phosphate Guanin Oligodeoxynucleotid...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of local administration of odanacatib (ODN) on orthodontic root resorption and the status of alveolar bone metabolism in rat molars. All specimens were scanned using microcomputed tomography and then the raw images were reconstructed. The total volume of the root resorption craters of the 60 g-NS (normal saline) group was higher than in the 60...

CpG-ODN stimulates dendritic cells (DCs) to produce cytokines, which are important for pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders and vaccine strategy for cancer. CpG-ODN activates the TLR9/MyD88/TRAF6 cascade leading to activation of IKK-NF-κB and JNK, which are critical for production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, whether other molecules are involved in activation of CpG-ODN signaling is ...

CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) stimulate immune cells from a wide spectrum of mammalian species. Class C CpG-ODN is relatively stable and has the combined immune effects of both A and B classes of CpG-ODN. Trypanosoma evansi produces the state of immuno-suppression in the infected hosts. The current chemotherapeutic agents against this parasite are limited in number and usually associated ...

BACKGROUND Intravesical BCG instillation is established and efficient in the prophylaxis of recurrent transitional cell carcinoma. A Th-1 biased immune response is postulated. Recent work has proven the efficacy of synthetic CpG-Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) as inducers and adjuvants for a strong Th1-response and there is evidence for a direct and/or adjuvant anti-neoplastic effect. The purpose o...

Cathepsin K (CK), a lysosomal cysteine protease, is highly expressed in mature osteoclasts and degrades type 1 collagen. Odanacatib (ODN) is a selective and reversible CK inhibitor that inhibits bone loss in preclinical and clinical studies. Although an antiresorptive, ODN does not suppress bone formation, which led us to hypothesize that ODN may display restorative effect on the osteopenic bon...

PROBLEM CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) can induce immunological changes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice and increase embryo loss, but little is known about the mechanism. This study aimed to determine the role of adiponectin in CpG ODN-induced pregnancy failure. METHOD OF STUDY Oligodeoxynucleotide 1826 was intraperitoneally injected to NOD mice, and ODN 2216, ODN 2006, and ODN 2395 were u...

CD10 expression is associated with metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC). In the present study, we examined association of CD10 with liver metastasis of CRC cells to clarify the therapeutic significance of CD10. CD10-positive human colon cancer cell line, HT29 cells showed inhibition of growth, invasion and colony formation by treatment with CD10 antisense S-oligodeoxynucleotide (S-ODN). In the...

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated CpG motifs act as immune adjuvants in mice, boosting the humoral and cellular response to coadministered Ags. CpG ODN that stimulate human PBMC are only weakly active in mice. Thus, alternative animal models are needed to monitor the activity and safety of "human" CpG ODN in vivo. This work demonstrates that rhesus macaques recognize...

Phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG (CpG-ODN) activate immune responses. We report that quinacrine, chloroquine, and structurally related compounds completely inhibit the antiapoptotic effect of CpG-ODN on WEHI 231 murine B lymphoma cells and inhibit CpG-ODN-induced secretion of IL-6 by WEHI 231. They also inhibit IL-6 synthesis and thymidine uptake by human unfractionated PBM...