This article reports the clinical course and treatment of ocular adnexal lymphoma based on a retrospective review of five cases with a histologically approved ocular adnexal lymphoma at Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital over 10 years. Extranodal B-cell lymphoma in the orbit, lacrimal gland, eyelid, or conjunctiva was found in these patients. Four of them were female, and they were aged 45-64 ...

Myasthenia gravis (MG) characteristically involves ocular; bulbar, and proximal limb muscles. MG with predominant distal limb involvement is uncommon. We present a case of MG with distal, asymmetrical, upper limb involvement, seven years after disease onset.

BACKGROUND Varicella is a common infectious disease primarily of childhood that is usually benign and self-limited. It is, however, increasingly seen in adults who are at a higher risk of severe infection. Ocular complications of varicella are relatively uncommon and have been rarely described in adults. We describe herein five adults who developed ocular involvement in association with primary...

The incidence of syphilis in the United States has increased markedly over the last decade, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). Although uncommon, ocular involvement is a potentially devastating clinical manifestation of syphilis. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection appears to increase the risk of ocular syphilis. Because of the lack of pathognomonic features for ocular...

An ocular manifestation of a systemic disease is an ocular condition that directly or indirectly results from a pathologic process from another part of the body. Ocular manifestations can occur in various systemic diseases in pediatrics. However, ocular manifestations are difficult to recognize especially in pediatric diseases because most clinicians ignore ocular involvement of systemic diseas...

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease characterised by lipoproteinaceous material accumulation in the alveoli. In the most frequent form of the disease (acquired PAP), a neutralising auto-antibody against granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) causes defects in the functioning of alveolar macrophages, including impairment of the catabolism of surfactant l...

Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an acute, often fatal, fungal infection caused by members of the class Zygomycetes and the order Mucorales. The genus Rhizopus accounts for most cases of ROCM. The disease is characterized by fungal hyphal invasion of blood vessels resulting in thrombosis and infarction of the nasal, paranasal sinus, orbital, and cerebral tissues. The most commonly ...

Takayasu arteritis is a relatively rare inflammatory arteritis that can be associated with ocular manifestations. We report four patients with proven Takayasu arteritis; two patients manifested hypoperfusive ocular manifestations of ocular ischemic syndrome and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy whilst two others had exudative retinal detachment and papilledema as a result of severe hypertensio...

A woman with bilateral ocular melanocytosis developed a malignant melanoma of the choroid in one eye. The ocular melanotic hyperpigmentation, present since childhood, clinically involved the conjunctiva and episcleral and uveal tract of both eyes. To our knowledge this is only the second reported case of a uveal malignant melanoma in a patient with bilateral ocular melanocytosis. There is evide...

The human body harbors within it an intricate and delicate balance between oxidants and antioxidants. Any disruption in this checks-and-balances system can lead to harmful consequences in various organs and tissues, such as the eye. This review focuses on the effects of oxidative stress and the role of a particular antioxidant system-the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway-on ocular diseases, specifically a...