The prevalence of ocular surface immunopathologies is enhanced in the elderly. This increased prevalence has been attributed to age-related dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune system responses. Age-related changes in ocular surface immunity have similar and distinct characteristics to those changes seen in other mucosal tissues. This mini review provides a brief outline of key findings ...

ultrasonography is a relatively easy, safe and non-invasive examination method which can be used in diagnosis of ocular disorders as complementary to routine ophthalmic examinations. as there has been no collated study undertaken on the normal measurements of ocular structures in caspian miniature horse, obtaining these measurements could be a benchmark to diagnose some of the diseases and eye ...

Ocular drug delivery is challenging field to pharmaceutical scientists owing to the underlying anatomical, physiological and dynamic constraints put forth by the eye. Nonetheless, there is increasing need to overcome these barriers for the treatment of sight threatening ophthalmic ailments. Novel drug delivery strategies are being explored while intravitreal injections are still a standard trea...