Trace elements were required by Aspergillus melleus and A. ochraceus, but not by A. sulphureus, to grow and to elaborate ochratoxin A. The composition of the medium affected the synthesis of the toxin more than the growth of the mycelium.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a widespread and abundant natural carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium fungi. Due to the ubiquitous presence of these fungi in food and potential risk for human health, a rapid and sensitive in vitro detection assay is required. Analytical methods for OTA detection/identification are generally based on liquid-liquid extraction, ...

Direct determination of urinary mycotoxins is a better approach to assess individual's exposure than the indirect estimation from average dietary intakes. In this study, a new analytical method was developed and validated for simultaneous analysis of aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and T2 toxin and their metabolites in pig urine. In total 12 analytes were s...

In spite of all efforts to prevent formation of mycotoxins significant contaminations still occur. Contaminated grain or feed ingredients may encounter livestock health problems or poor animal performance because they can have chronic and acute effects on animals. By now, the worldwide most applied method to protect animals against mycotoxin-related diseases and to avoid carryover of mycotoxins...

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is considered the most toxic member of ochratoxin group. Herein, a novel label-free electrochemical sensor based on horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme developed for OTA detection. The HRP was covalently immobilized working electrode planar boron-doped diamond (BDD) microcell previously covered with diazonium film and grafted single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Each surf...

Enzymatic inactivation of fungal toxins is an attractive strategy for the decontamination of agricultural commodities and for the protection of crops from phytotoxic effects of fungal metabolites. This review summarizes research on the biological detoxification of fungal toxins by microorganisms and plants and its practical applications. Some mycotoxins are detoxified during ensiling and other ...

The hydrolysis of ochratoxin A (OA) and the corresponding formation of its hydrolysis product, alpha ochratoxin (O alpha), by ruminal digesta and in the rumen of hay-fed and grain-fed sheep were compared. Ruminal contents from sheep fed diets with hay or with grain hydrolyzed OA in vitro; the majority of the activity was associated with the particulate fraction of the ruminal contents. The rate...

The subject of the research is the application of the methods of fluorescence anisotropy measurements to study the interaction between human serum albumin (HSA) and toxins and selected medicines (ibuprofen, warfarin, flurbiprofen). Optical spectroscopic methods are useful tools for the study of biologically active compounds. Determining binding intensity of ochratoxin A (OTA) to albumin may be ...