The calibre of the upper airway is thought to be dependant upon its passive anatomy/collapsibility and the activation of pharyngeal dilator muscles. During awake periods, the more collapsible upper airway in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) increases the dilator muscle activity through a negative-pressure reflex. A direct correlation between the critical closing pressure (P(crit)), as a measure o...

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is common illness found worldwide, with a reported prevalence ranging from 9% to 24% among the general population [1]. In the USA, approximately 92% of women and 82% of men with moderate-to-severe OSA remain undiagnosed [2]. OSA carries several shortand long-term health consequences. These may range from perioperative complications to the risk of having uncontroll...

Abstract Introduction Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder with an estimated prevalence of approximately 15-30 percent in males and 10-15 females. A low respiratory arousal threshold (ArTH) one several traits involved OSA pathogenesis. This has been shown to be reliably predicted using Arousal Score which calculated patients overall Apnoea-Hypopnoea...

The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) following stroke is high and OSA is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and poor functional outcome. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is the treatment of choice for OSA, but its effects in stroke patients are unknown. The effectiveness and acceptance of treatment with nCPAP in 105 stroke patients with OSA, admitted to ...

Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a prevalent sleep disorder [1, 2] with a wide array of potential adverse health consequences if left untreated, including cognitive impairment, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and early mortality [3–6]. The most common type of SDB, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), is strongly tied to excess weight [7] and afflicts up to 10% of adults [2]. Positive airw...

We read with interest the article by URSCHITZ et al. [1] which estimated the population prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in an urban community of German third graders. This article highlights the fact that OSA is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases in childhood and requires more attention from paediatric health services and clinicians. However, we are concerned that ...

Recent studies suggest an association of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) with cardiovascular risk factors, such as dyslipidaemia. The present study analyses the effects of OSA and its therapy on serum lipid concentrations in 470 OSA patients in a single centre study. Multivariate regression showed a significant association between the apnoea-hypopnoea index and high-density lipoprotein cholester...

INTRODUCTION Adults with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are well documented to be at high risk for cardiovascular abnormalities. Growing evidence suggests that OSA is also associated with cardiovascular consequences in children. The purpose of this review is to examine the available data on this association in children. METHODS Primary studies were extracted from a MEDLINE search limited to t...

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been inconsistently associated with insulin resistance and adverse metabolic states. We aimed to assess independent contributions of OSA to insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia in a large paediatric cohort.Habitually snoring children underwent overnight polysomnography, anthropometric measurements and fasting laboratory evaluations. Primary outcome measures in...

BACKGROUND Sleep disordered breathing is common and of prognostic significance in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Complex sleep apnoea (complexSA) is defined as the emergence of central sleep apnoea during continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). This study aims to determine the prevalence and predictors for complexSA in...