The biogenesis of mitochondria requires products of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Recent studies of adaptive thermogenesis have shown how mitochondrial proliferation and respiratory activity in brown fat and skeletal muscle are directed by the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1.

Previous studies have indicated that an autostimulatory transforming growth factor was required for the optimal growth of SW-13 adrenal carcinoma cells in soft agar. The production of SW-13 colony-stimulating activity by other human malignant cell lines of both epithelial and mesenchymal origin has been demonstrated. Evidence was presented indicating that the stimulating activity detected in cr...

background the exposure to noxious agwents such as lead my cause lung disorders. objectives in the present study, pulmonary function tests and self-reported respiratory symptoms in lead exposure workers were compared with matched control subjects. materials and methods the frequency of respiratory symptoms were evaluated in a sample of 108 lead exposure workers and 100 control subjects with sim...

background: respiratory problem is one of the major health hazards in dust-exposed workers; it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. objective: to determine the prevalence of respiratory problems and lung function impairment among quarry workers in ebonyi state, nigeria. methods: respiratory problems and lung function were studied in 403 quarry workers aged 10–60 years...

There are two main Nuclear Medicine techniques, the gastroesophageal reflux scintigraphy with late lung imaging and the nuclear salivagram, for diagnosis of pulmonary aspiration. Each of the techniques can document the two different, antegrade and retrograde, routes of pulmonary aspiration. In this report, we presented a patient with recurrent respiratory problems and emphasized the importance ...

Due to the close proximity of the mitochondrial genome to the respiratory chain complex producing ATP, it is believed to be more susceptible to get damaged by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) than nuclear DNA. In addition to this, the poorly developed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) repair machinery and the lack of protective histones, unlike in nuclear genome are also believed to be the major facto...

In mammalian organs under normoxic conditions, O2 concentration ranges from 12% to 0.5%, with O2 14% in arterial blood and 10% in the myocardium. During mild hypoxia, myocardial O2 drops to 1% to 3% or lower. In response to chronic moderate hypoxia, cells adjust their normoxia set point such that reoxygenation-dependent relative elevation of PO2 results in perceived hyperoxia. We hypothesized t...

The fundamental metabolic decision of a cell, the balance between respiration and fermentation, rests in part on expression of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) and coordination with expression of the nuclear genome (nuDNA). Previously we described mtDNA copy number depletion across many solid tumor types (Reznik et al., 2016). Here, we use orthogonal RNA-sequencing data to quantify mtDNA expres...