Chronic kidney disease is a public health problem and one of the outstanding causes of death in the industrialized world. The most serious condition is advanced chronic renal failure requiring replacement therapy by dialysis or kidney transplantation. In recent years the incidence is stabilizing but the prevalence is increasing probably due to the progressive aging of the population and increas...

Severe anaemia is a major cause of paediatric hospital admissions and deaths in many African countries, especially Sub-Saharan Africa. In resource-limited nations with poor diagnostic capacity, the morphological type gives insight into probable anaemia. The study described prevalence types among severely anaemic children aged 2 months to 12 years age admitted at three hospitals Bushenyi distric...

Background: Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, affects approximately 10 million people worldwide, with an annual global mortality rate of 1.4 (WHO, 2021). This study aimed to profile hematological indices among pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Kisii teaching and referral hospital, Kenya from February 2022 July where County reports around 1800 TB cases annually. Methods: A cro...

BACKGROUND: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) can precede the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by months to years. CASE PRESENTATION: A 12-year-old girl weighing 46 kg came hospital with complaint 12 days-menstrual bleeding. The patient is weak, pale. Eyes, ENT, heart, lungs, abdomen: within normal limits, no petechiae. Laboratorium: Hemoglobin (Hb) 4.6 g/dL, leukocytes 12,930/uL, platel...

The definition of anemia is controversial. The WHO defines anemia as hemoglobin (Hb)<13 g/dL for men and <12 g/dL for women [1]. The National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Dis‐ ease Outcomes Quality Initiative, which is the criteria used for Medicare reimbursement, de‐ fines anemia in adult men and postmenopausal women as Hb<12 g/dL, or <11 g/dL in a premenopausal woman [2]. Anemia represents a si...

Dear Editor, Sideroblastic anemia is a heterogeneous disorder that is characterized by increased serum iron and ferritin levels, high number of hypochromic red blood cells (RBCs), and ineffective erythropoiesis with ringed sideroblasts in the bone marrow (BM) [1]. There are two forms of sideroblastic anemia: inherited and acquired. Acquired sideroblastic anemia usually develops because of alcoh...

A 36-year-old female was referred with renal impairment, creatinine clearance 0.4 mL/s and proteinuria 4.7 g/day. Physical examination was unremarkable. Biochemistry showed normochromic normocytic anaemia, slight hypoalbuminaemia and hypercalcaemia. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-glomerular basement membrane, anti-phospholipid antibodies, and viral screeni...

Castleman's disease (CD) (angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia) was first described in 1936 (1). It is a rare disease of unknown aetiology affecting the lymph nodes. CD consists of two basic histological types: hyaline-vascular (HV) and plasma-cell (PC), and a mixed type called hyaline-vascular plasma cell type (HV-CV) (2). Clinically, it presents as an indolent disease confined to a single s...

A 2-month-old female local dog named Desi is experiencing skin problems with signs of itching and alopecia since she was resqueed 3 weeks before being examined. Clinical examination showed pruritus, alopecia, scales, erythema, papules pustules. On deep scrapping on the found presence Sarcoptes sp. mites amounted to one mite per field view. Hematological that animal had leukocytosis, normochromi...

Over a 2-month period, 200 type 1 diabetic patients attending a paediatric diabetic clinic in Cairo, Egypt were screened for anaemia and other complications of diabetes. The mean age was 11.2 years and the mean duration of diabetes was 4.0 years. Anaemia was diagnosed in 75 patients (37.5%) overall: 45 had microcytic hypochromic anaemia, 18 normocytic normochromic and 12 macrocytic hyperchromic...