INTRODUCTION Most research on radioresistant fungi, particularly on human pathogens such as Cryptococcus neoformans, involves sparsely-ionizing radiation. Consequently, fungal responses to densely-ionizing radiation, which can be harnessed to treat life-threatening fungal infections, remain incompletely understood. METHODS We addressed this issue by quantifying and comparing the effects of de...

We are in the midst of a paradigm shift when it comes to our understanding of the biological effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic frequencies generated by our use of electricity, electronics and wireless technology. Ionizing radiation (IR) has enough energy to break chemical bonds and is known to cause cancer. However, because nonionizing radiation (NIR) lacks this energy, it was assumed tha...

Programmed cell death constitutes a fundamental part of the immune response to viral infection. This process forms host defence mechanism and also enables establishment biomarkers disease severity. Natural or anthropogenic sources microwaves emit energy may alter ecology COVID-19 virus in environment. Determining associated effects on system health hosts with is thus important. In this review p...

Radiation is a beam of energy that comes from particles or photons. Based on the ability to ionize matter, radiation can be grouped into non-ionizing and ionizing radiation. Ionizing matter through which it passes. has proven useful in medicine. However, exposure potential cause negative effects for health heredity (genetic). also cannot observed directly so nuclear detector needed as monitorin...

Radiation-induced damage is a complex network of interlinked signaling pathways, which may result in apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and cancer. The development of thyroid cancer in response to radiation, from nuclear catastrophes to chemotherapy, has long been an object of study. A basic overview of the ionizing and non-ionizing radiation effects of the sensitivity of the thyroid gla...