This research assessed the frequency of marijuana use and perceptions of gender-specific marijuana use among intercollegiate athletes from two National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 1 universities. Normative data were gathered in a live setting. Male athletes reported significantly greater marijuana use than female athletes and the overall sample reported higher prevalence of ...

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of physical exercise on seminal parameters of male athletes with varicocele. Sixty healthy male volunteers (athletes and non-athletes, n = 30 + 30) and 60 volunteers affected by varicocele (athletes and non-athletes, n = 30 + 30) were randomly selected for a clinical study. All subjects provided at least two semen samples for routine mi...

This study aimed to investigate the situational and stable psychological characteristics of free diving athletes. Specifically, stress level, state and trait anxiety, positive and negative affectivity, ways of coping with stress and locus of control among the free diving athletes were studied. 36 were free diving athletes and 41 non-athletes participated in the study. The situational and stable...

KEY POINTS Endurance trained athletes exhibit enhanced cardiovascular function compared to non-athletes, although it is considered that exercise training does not enhance lung structure and function. An increased pulmonary capillary blood volume at rest is associated with a higher V̇O2 max . In the present study, we compared the diffusion capacity, pulmonary capillary blood volume and diffusing ...

The aim of this study was to compare feeling of loneliness between athlete and non-athlete university female students. The sample of the research consisted of 220 university female students, including 73 non-athletes who did not have any experience of sport participation and were randomly selected from the students of general physical education course in eleventh region of Islamic Azad Universi...

We investigated the effect of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (anodal tDCS) on performance full-effort box stepping exercises in athletes and non-athletes. Twenty-one subjects (athletes: five men six women, non-athletes: four women) participated this study. tDCS was applied through two electrodes placed vertex (anode) forehead (cathode). A 2-mA for 15 minutes, while sham differen...

The effect of different types of physical training on heart rate variability was evaluated in 10 aerobic trained athletes, in 7 anaerobic trained athletes, in 7 rugby players (mixed type training) and in 10 sedentary control subjects. All groups were age matched (18-26 y). Measures of heart rate variability were obtained, from both timeand frequency analysis of 10 minutes resting heart rate, EC...

OBJECTIVE To study whether field performance tests can make a valid distinction between non-functionally overreaching (NFO) athletes and control athletes. DESIGN Monthly field performance tests were used to determine a performance decrement (PD) throughout a season. Athletes with a minimum of 1 month PD were compared with control athletes without a PD on mood characteristics and resting level...