Collaborative filtering (CF) is a widely used technique in recommender systems by automatically predicting the user’s latent interests based on many users’ historical rating data. To improve performance of CF-based systems, data should be pre-processed to avoid noise and enhance reliability. Many researchers studied anomaly detection remove malicious caused shilling attacks, but anomalies can s...

This study proposes, for the first time, an approach to remove thermal noise from wave coherency matrix, $\mathrm {C_{2}}$ , estimated single-look complex dual-polarization Interferometric Wide Swath mode Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture...