Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) are intracellular signaling kinases activated by phosphorylation in response to a variety of extracellular stimuli. Mammalian MAP kinase pathways are composed of three major pathways: MEK1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1)/ERK 1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2)/p90 RSK (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase), JNK (c-Jun amino (N)-termina...

Often, the quality of the results in a noise map is expressed as a comparison between measured and calculated noise levels at several sample locations spread over the map. Although, under some circumstances this could be considered as a valid approximation, it excludes from the noise mapping process two very important stages: interpolation and classification. The two tasks must be applied to ob...

A Useful properties of the Moreau envelope and proximal map 14 A.1 Relation between proximal map and Moreau envelope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 A.2 Relation between proximal map and derivative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 A.3 Inverse of the Moreau envelope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 A.4 Moreau envelope for additive noise model . . . . . . . ...

We present an 850μm map and list of candidate sources in a sub-area of the Groth Strip observed using SCUBA. The map consists of a long strip of adjoining jigglemaps covering the southwestern 70 arcmin of the original WFPC2 Groth Strip to an average 1 σ rms noise level of ≃ 3.5mJy. We initially detect 7 candidate sources with signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) between 3.0 and 3.5 σ and 4 candidate s...

Noise pollution is a critical factor affecting public health, the relationship between road traffic noise (RTN) and several diseases in urban areas being especially disturbing. The Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC and the CNOSSOS-EU framework are the main instruments of the European Union to identify and combat noise pollution, requiring Member States to compose and publish noise maps a...

A new noise reduction algorithm HeNLM-LA is proposed. It is a modi cation of the non-local means algorithm using Hermite functions expansion of pixel neighborhoods. The ltering strength parameter is automatically adjusted proportionally to the local noise level. An algorithm for local noise level estimation is based on edge modeling; it suppresses high-amplitude edges in the map of local image ...

Brain medical images are generally prone to noise and also fraught with intensity heterogeneity within the tumor. Fuzzy and boundary discontinuity caused by the tumor also adversely affects the accuracy of the tumor segmentation. A method based on morphological structuring element map modification and markercontrolled watershed segmentation is proposed. Firstly, a structuring element map is con...

In this paper, we present a method to enhance noisy depth maps using adaptive steering kernel regression based on distance transform. Dataadaptive kernel regression filters are widely used for image denoising by considering spatial and photometric properties of pixel data. In order to reduce noise in depth maps more efficiently, we adaptively refine the steering kernel regression function accor...

In magnetic resonance imaging, precise measurements of longitudinal relaxation time (T1) is crucial to acquire useful information that is applicable to numerous clinical and neuroscience applications. In this work, we investigated the precision of T1 relaxation time as measured using the variable flip angle method with emphasis on the noise propagated from radiofrequency transmit field ([Formul...