Introduction : The aim of this study is to obtain new insight into possible relation between functional properties of slow concealed pathway and rate-dependent properties of AV-node.   Methods : Rate-dependent nodal properties of recovery, facilitation, and fatigue were characterized by stimulation protocols in one groups of (N=7) isolated superfused AV-Nodal rabbits. Small miniature lesions ...

Operculina turpethum (syn. Ipomoea turpethum) a plant in the morning glory family is an endangered medicinal plant of Bangladesh and its neighboring countries. An efficient micropropagation protocol was established for this plant through nodal segment culture as well as antimicrobial activity of the leaves was also evaluated. For micropropagation, nodal segments with axillary buds of field grow...

The use of in vitro culture has been accepted as an efficient technique for clonal propagation of many woody plants. In the present research, we report the results of a number of experiments aimed at optimizing micropropagation protocol for tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) (clone Iran 100) using nodal segments as the explant. The effect of different combinations and concentrations of plan...

Successful in vitro propagation through ex vitro rooting mechanism has been achieved in Piper longum by nodal shoot segment cultures. Shoot tip explants were less proliferative compared to the nodal meristems. The explants were sterilized using 0.1% HgCl2 and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with various concentrations of growth regulators. MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-benz...

Nodal is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily that plays critical roles during embryogenesis. Recent studies in ovarian, breast, prostate, and skin cancer cells suggest that Nodal also regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion in cancer cells. However, it appears to exert both tumor-suppressing and tumor-promoting effects, depending on the cell type. To f...

Metastatic melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer associated with poor prognosis. The reactivation of the embryonic morphogen Nodal in metastatic melanoma has previously been shown to regulate the aggressive behavior of these tumor cells. During the establishment of left-right asymmetry in early vertebrate development, Nodal expression is specifically regulated by aNotch signaling pathway.Wehypo...

Nodal is considered the key inducer of mesendoderm in vertebrate embryos and embryonic stem cells. Other TGF-beta-related signals, such as Vg1/Dvr1/Gdf3, have also been implicated in this process but their roles have been unclear or controversial. Here we report that zebrafish embryos without maternally provided vg1 fail to form endoderm and head and trunk mesoderm, and closely resemble nodal l...

With the development of deregulated power systems and increase of prices in some hours of day and increase fuel price, demand response programs were noticed more by customers. demand response consists of a series of activities that governments or utilities design to change the amount or time of electric energy consumption, to achieve better social welfare or some times for maximizing the benefi...

introduction: electrophysiological studies have demonstrated a relationship between aging and atrioventricular (av) nodal conduction and refractoriness. the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of nodal aging on dynamic av nodal field potential recording during atrial fibrillation (af) in rabbit. methods: two groups of male new zealand rabbits (neonatal 2-week-olds and adult 12...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The previous study in our lab showed that Nodal molecule on bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) was modulated by all kinds of lung microbes. The present study was designed to determine the effects of Nodal on proliferation of BECs and BECs-induced differentiation of T-helper (Th) cells. The epigenetic mechanisms of Nodal expression following treatments of different lung microbes w...