Phase-shifting effects of timed calorie restriction were investigated in mice during exposure to a 12:12-h light-dark cycle. Food-anticipatory activity (FAA), the output of a food-entrainable pacemaker, was expressed before the time of feeding whether mice received daily hypocaloric food (3.3 g of chow/day) or normocaloric food (5 g of chow/day) at zeitgeber time (ZT) 2 (ZT12 = lights off). Sub...

It is well known that most patients with obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) suffer sleepiness, although the underlying mechanisms of this relationship remain unclear. The present study examined the relationship between nocturnal variables and the subsequent waking electroencephalogram (EEG), in order to determine if sleepiness was related to OSAHS severity and due to sleep frag...

Acetylcholine has long been implicated in nocturnal phase adjustment of circadian rhythms, yet the subject remains controversial. Although the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), site of the circadian clock, contains no intrinsic cholinergic somata, it receives choline acetyltransferase-immunopositive projections from basal forebrain and mesopontine tegmental nuclei that contribute to sleep and wake...

Many species of migratory birds migrate in a series of solitary nocturnal flights. Between flights, they stop to rest and refuel for the next segment of their journey. The mechanism controlling this behaviour has long remained elusive. Here, we show that wild-caught migratory redstarts (Phoenicurus phoenicurus) are consistent in their flight scheduling. An advanced videographic system enabled u...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the exposure to bright light on EEG activity and subjective sleepiness at rest and at the mental task during nocturnal sleep deprivation. Eight male subjects lay awake in semi-supine in a reclining seat from 21:00 to 04:30 under the bright (BL; >2500 lux) or the dim (DL; <150 lux) light conditions. During the sleep deprivation, the ment...

OBJECTIVE To present findings on a series of cases of sporadic nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE), a form of NFLE that is infrequently reported, in contrast to familial (autosomal dominant) NFLE. Both forms of NFLE need to be distinguished from parasomnias, nocturnal temporal lobe epilepsy, and other nocturnal disorders. METHODS Eight consecutive cases of sporadic NFLE were evaluated at a...

We investigated whether low intensity dawn-dusk simulation (DDS), a 'naturalistic' form of light therapy designed to embed sleep in its accustomed phase, could improve the disturbed circadian rest-activity cycle, nocturnal sleep and and/or cognitive functions in dementia. A protocol of 3 weeks each of baseline, treatment and follow-up was completed by 13 patients (85yr old+/-5yr, MMSE 14+/-5; n...

Nocturnal behavior of nonblood-fed females of Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) was studied using an automatic recording device equipped with a photoelectric sensor. Carbon dioxide, heating, and the contrast of the black and white colors were used as attractive cues for mosquitoes. The nocturnal host-seeking activity positively correlated with the increasing light intensity in bot...

background the prevalence of vesicoureteral reflux (vur) is higher in enuretic children than in non-enuretic children. recent studies have reported vur in 6–23% of children with enuresis. objectives to clarify the association of nocturnal enuresis with vesicoureteral reflux (vur) and to identify children who are at risk for vur. conclusions vur is uncommon in children with mne and in those with...