The effect of endurance training on neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) content and distribution in muscle was investigated. Seven male subjects performed 6 wk of one-legged knee-extensor endurance training (protocol A). Muscle biopsies, obtained from vastus lateralis muscle in the untrained and the trained leg, were analyzed for nNOS protein and activity as well as immunohistochemical distri...

The functions of the skeletal muscle exercise pressor reflex (EPR) and its mechanically sensitive component are augmented in hypertension producing exaggerated increases in blood pressure during exercise. Afferent information from the EPR is processed in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Within the NT, nitric oxide (NO), produced via L-arginine oxidation by neuronal nitric oxide synthase (n...

BACKGROUND Neurogenic inflammation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We examined the role of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in modulating colitis. METHODS Colitis was induced by administration of dextran sodium sulphate (3% DSS) or streptomycin pre-treated Salmonella typhimurium (S.T.) in wild type (WT) and NPY (NPY(-/-...

The aim of this study was to characterize neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) activity and 5'-end splice variants in rat small intestine. nNOS was predominantly expressed in the longitudinal muscle layer, with attached myenteric plexus (LM-MP). The biochemical properties of NOS activity in enriched nerve terminals resemble those of nNOS isolated from the brain. Western blot analysis of purifi...

In mammalian skeletal muscle, neuronal-type nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is found to be enriched at neuromuscular endplates. Here we demonstrate the colocalization of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR, stained with alpha-bungarotoxin) and nNOS (stained with a specific antibody) in murine C(2)C(12) myotubes. However, coimmunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated no evidence for a dire...

Nitric oxide (NO) formation in brain is regulated by the calcium/calmodulin dependence of neuronal NO synthase (nNOS). Calcium influx through NMDA-type glutamate receptors is efficiently coupled to nNOS activity, whereas many other intracellular calcium pathways are poorly coupled. To elucidate possible mechanisms responsible for this coupling, we performed yeast two-hybrid screening to identif...

Nitric oxide (NO) derived from neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) in the kidney inner medulla has been implicated in the regulation of arterial blood pressure. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of high dietary NaCl on the expression of nNOS in the rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD). After 3 days or 3 wk of high (4.0%)-NaCl diet in rats, urinary[Formula: see text]/[Fo...

In various animal models of central neuronal diseases, both c-jun and nNOS genes are expressed inside injured neurons; however, the mechanism of these two genes in neuronal diseases remains uncertain. Our previous studies have shown that c-jun expression always occurs prior to expression of nNOS in motoneuron injuries. We aimed to determine whether there is a correlation between c-jun and nNOS,...

Unraveling the roles of distinct neuron types is a fundamental challenge to understanding brain function in health and disease. In the amygdala, a brain structure regulating emotional behavior, the diversity of GABAergic neurons has been only partially explored. We report a novel population of GABAergic amygdala neurons expressing high levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). These cell...

Mechanisms governing the activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), the major source of nitric oxide (NO) in the nervous system, are not completely understood. We report here a protein-protein interaction between nNOS and NOSIP (nitric oxide synthase-interacting protein) in rat brain in vivo. NOSIP and nNOS are concentrated in neuronal synapses and demonstrate significant colocalization...