To understand the application of antibacterial agents in aseptic operations and to provide evidence for their rational use and management, the antibiotic use statuses of six types of aseptic operations (306 cases from 4 tertiary hospitals) were retrospectively analyzed. Of 312 patients, 306 (65.08%) were treated with antibacterial agents in the perioperative period. Four categories of antibioti...

Nitroimidazoles (metronidazole and tinidazole) are the only recommended drugs for treating Trichomonas vaginalis infection, and previous samples that assessed resistance of such isolates have been limited in geographic scope. We assessed the prevalence of in vitro aerobic metronidazole and tinidazole resistance among T. vaginalis isolates from multiple geographic sites in the United States. Swa...

The infection caused by Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common but overlooked non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. Treatment relies on one class of drugs, the 5-nitroimidazoles, but resistance is widespread. New drugs are urgently needed. We reported the effect of crude and purified saponin fractions of Manilkara rufula against Trichomonas vaginalis. The compound responsible for ...

A series of 11 3-(ω-aminoalkoxy)-1-benzyl-5-nitroindazoles (2–12) has been prepared starting from 1-benzyl-5-nitroindazol-3-ol 13, and evaluated against sensitive resistant isolates the sexually transmitted protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Compounds 2, 3, 6, 9, 10 showed trichomonacidal profiles with IC50 < 20 µM metronidazole-sensitive isolate. Moreover, all these compounds submitted to cytoto...

A high prevalence of metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylorn is reported in developing countries. This study examined whether migrants referred for diagnostic gastroscopy at a United Kingdom centre (n= 54), had a higher prevalence of metronidazole resistance than subjects born in the United Kingdom attending endoscopy (n=46). Records of nitroimidazole treatment prescribed in the United ...

The genotoxicity study of ornidazole (ONZ) was carried out on human lymphocyte chromosomes, using sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronucleus (MN). Thirty-two patients with Entemoeba histolitica infection who received 1000 mg/day for 10 days were included in this study. SCE and MN were measured before and after therapy. A statistically significant increase was observed in the SCE (P < 0.00...

Three antimicrobial nitroimidazole drugs (metronidazole, dimetridazole, and tinidazole) inhibit a range of clostridia and the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis ; they have an identical site and mode of action as specific electron acceptors from the pyruvate phosphoroclastic reaction. Analogues of the drugs are compared and the structural requirements for activity explained. The nitrofuran (nitrof...

Metronidazole (MNZ) is a brand of nitroimidazole antibiotic, which is generally used in clinical applications and extensively used for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by anaerobic bacteria and protozoans. The aim of this investigation was to degrade MNZ with illuminated TiO2 nanoparticles at different catalyst dosage, contact time, pH, initial MNZ concentration and lamp intensity. M...

The selectively toxic effect of nitroimidazole drugs towards anaerobic bacteria and protozoa depends on a number of factors. The killing action of such drugs as metronidazole requires the reduction of the nitro group, a process which influences the rate of entry of the drug into the susceptible cell and which is determined by mechanisms involving ferredoxin-linked (or the equivalent) reactions ...

-5-Phenoxysulphonyl-l-methyl-4-nitroimidazole (NSC 38087) can act as a sensitizer of hypoxic mammalian cells to radiation in vitro. The degree of sensitization achieved is greater than would be predicted from the drug's electron affinity. Cytotoxicity studies have shown that 5pM NSC 38087 can reduce the surviving fraction of log-phase V79 cells in air at 37°C to 10-2 after 2 h exposure. This to...