BACKGROUND We investigated the variations of heamathologic and biochemical parameters with different parasitic burdens and the correlation between fecal egg counts and fluke number in livers of sheep naturally infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum. METHODS In order to detect excretion of D. dendriticum eggs, fecal samples from 120 sheep of different age groups were collected individually at ...

BACKGROUND Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is associated with household food insecurity (HFI). However, the studies examining the relationship between HFI and HRQOL in patients with type 2 diabetes are scarce. Thus, this study was designed to examine the relationship between HFI and HRQOL in rural type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we included 1847 rural p...

background: an important issue the world faces today is ensuring that households living in different countries have access to enough food to maintain a healthy life. food insecurity is prevalent in both developed and developing countries. the objective of this study was to assess the household food security status and related factors among different rural districts of neyshabur (a city in north...

background: cesarean delivery is a surgery for deliver a baby. women with previous cesarean delivery (cd) must often choose between a vaginal delivery (vd) and repeat cd. our aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with preference for cd in neyshabur pregnant women with previous cd. methods: a cross‑sectional study was conducted on all pregnant women (who had previous caesarean ...

OBJECTIVES To explore young adult women smokers' cognitive and emotional response to using dark brown 'plain' cigarette packs in natural settings and whether plain packaging is associated with any short-term change in smoking behaviour. DESIGN A naturalistic approach. Participants used plain cigarette packs provided to them for 1 week and for 1 week their own fully branded packs, but otherwis...

BACKGROUND Studies have shown that abdominal girth and vertebral column length have high predictive value for spinal spread after administering a dose of plain bupivacaine. we designed a study to identify the specific correlations between abdominal girth, vertebral column length and a 0.5% dosage of plain bupivacaine, which should provide a minimum upper block level (T12) and a suitable upper b...

BACKGROUND Preliminary work has shown that ropivacaine provides spinal anaesthesia of shorter duration than bupivacaine, and may be of particular use in the day-case setting. However, there are few data comparing the actions of plain and hyperbaric solutions of this drug. METHODS Forty ASA grade I-II patients undergoing elective perineal surgery under spinal anaesthesia were randomized to rec...

The OPmac package provides simple additional macros on top of plain TEX. It enables users to take advantage of basic LTEX functionality: font size selection, automatic creation of tables of contents and indices, working with bibliography databases, tables, references optionally including hyperlinks, margin settings, etc. In this paper, the significant properties of OPmac are described. The comp...