Citizen science projects rely on contributions from volunteers to achieve their scientific goals and so face a dilemma: providing volunteers with explicit training might increase the quality of contributions, but at the cost of losing the work done by newcomers during the training period, which for many is the only work they will contribute to the project. Based on research in cognitive science...

Yamamoto et. al.[6] have discovered that cooperation can be robustly maintained in a metanorms game by introducing into the population a small number of agents that always act non-cooperatively. They call this a "social vaccine" effect. In this paper we focus on the implications of a social vaccine. We therefore consider a model where there is a constant ow of newcomers into the population. How...

An understanding of newcomer participation is important both from the perspective of engineering organizations and to prepare future engineers but we know little about how newcomers to engineering practices traverse their trajectory of participation. Prior work on newcomers has addressed socialization processes but has overlooked the sociomaterial nature of engineering practices and its consequ...

This research is an investigation of Web-based periodicals, an emerging cultural form that presents magazine content in an electronic medium. Specifically, we compare and evaluate the characteristics of incumbent producers that publish Web-based complements to existing paper publications, and newcomer producers that publish Web-based documents exclusively. Drawing on evolutionary perspectives f...

2 Institute for Social Research, Oslo, Norway Grete Brochmann*1, Anniken Hagelund*2 Abstract During the 1990s and more so after the turn of the century, the authorities and the public in Scandinavia have become increasingly concerned about the pressure on welfare inflicted by the immigration of people with low skill levels from countries in the South. A large proportion of these newcomers have ...

While much organizational socialization occurs through interpersonal interactions, evidence regarding how these processes unfold over time has not been forthcoming. Results from a 14-wave longitudinal study with a sample of 264 organizational newcomers show that support of newcomers from coworkers and supervisors declines within the first 90 days of employment. Early support and undermining had...

Designers of Internet applications and those helping others learn about the net need to understand the problems Internet newcomers face as they encounter the idiosyncratic structures that organize the networked world. As part of an ethnographic study of SeniorNet, an organization that helps seniors learn to use computers, we explore early encounters with the networked world by analyzing questio...

Disaster exercises are intended to improve disaster responses effectiveness. Exercises exist in a wide variety, ranging from table-top scenarios to full-scale disaster simulations, offering participants different learning experiences. However these exercises can be overwhelming to newcomers, especially when involving large scale simulations, reducing the effectiveness of the learning experience...